Potable water safety assessed by coliphage and bacterial tests

Ratto, A.; Dutka, B. J.; Vega, C.; Lopez, C.; El‐Shaarawi, A. H.

doi:10.1016/0043-1354(89)90050-x

Cited by 35 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…35,36 Culture-based and molecular analysis of the bacteria present in positive H 2 S tests indicate that H 2 S production is correlated with species of fecal origin, however these species are not limited to the coliform group. 23,24,37 Nevertheless, many evaluations of the H 2 S test as a microbial water quality indicator, including this one, have evaluated H 2 S test results based on their correspondence with assays for total coliforms, fecal coliforms, or E. coli. 22,38 Interpreting the results of these evaluations is difficult because they do not consider the impact of non-coliform fecal species on H 2 S test results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

H2S as an Indicator of Water Supply Vulnerability and Health Risk in Low-Resource Settings: A Prospective Cohort Study

Khush

Arnold²,

Srikanth³

et al. 2013

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. In this large-scale longitudinal study conducted in rural Southern India, we compared a presence/absence hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) test with quantitative assays for total coliforms and Escherichia coli as measures of water quality, health risk, and water supply vulnerability to microbial contamination. None of the three indicators showed a significant association with child diarrhea. The presence of H 2 S in a water sample was associated with higher levels of total coliform species that may have included E. coli but that were not restricted to E. coli. In addition, we observed a strong relationship between the percent positive H 2 S test results and total coliform levels among water source samples (R 2 = 0.87). The consistent relationships between H 2 S and total coliform levels indicate that presence/absence of H 2 S tests provide a cost-effective option for assessing both the vulnerability of water supplies to microbial contamination and the results of water quality management and risk mitigation efforts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

H2S as an Indicator of Water Supply Vulnerability and Health Risk in Low-Resource Settings: A Prospective Cohort Study

Khush

Arnold²,

Srikanth³

et al. 2013

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…Tais achados coincidem com as observações de diversos autores 8,12,15,17,18,19 . Verificou-se, portanto, nas condições da realização do presente trabalho, que não foi viável a utilização da presença de colifagos como indicadores de poluição fecal para o monitoramento da qualidade da água dos poços rasos analisados, baseado na ausência de coliformes fecais em 100 ml da amostra, uma vez que não foi obtida correlação entre os números de colifagos e das bactérias indicadoras de poluição fecal pequisadas.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Avaliação da qualidade higiênico-sanitária da água de poços rasos localizados em uma área urbana: utilização de colifagos em comparação com indicadores bacterianos de poluição fecal

1994

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“…Para las muestras de agua filtrada se encontraron r iguales Al analizar las muestras de agua clorinada se observó que de las cuarenta muestras evaluadas tres fueron positivas para colifagos y ninguna para CT y CTT (Tabla 2), demostrán-dose que pueden aislarse colifagos en ausencia de coliformes. Similares resultados fueron obtenidos por Zevallos (1997); Ratto et al (1989), El-Abagy et al (1988) y Wentsel et al (1982, quienes a su vez demuestran que los colifagos resisten mejor el tratamiento y desinfección del agua que los coliformes, siendo por lo tanto buenos indicadores de contaminación fecal en aguas tratadas. Más aún, existen varios estudios que demuestran la existencia de una correlación estadísticamente significativa entre los colifagos y los enterovirus.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Colifagos como indicadores de contaminación fecal y de remoción bacteriana en la potabilización del agua

et al. 2003

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ResumenEl presente trabajo analiza la eficacia del tratamiento de agua procedentes del río Rímac. Se comparan muestras de agua no tratadas con las fases sucesivas del tratamiento: decantación, filtración y clorinación. La cuantificación de colifagos fue realizada por los métodos de Capa Simple y Filtro de Membrana. Los Coliformes Totales (CT), Coliformes Termotolerantes (CTT) y Bacterias Heterótrofas (BH) fueron determinados por los métodos del Número Más Probable (NMP) y Filtro de Membrana. La cepa estándar de E. coli C ATCC 13706 fue utilizada como hospedera de colifagos. Los promedios de colifagos cuantificados fueron de 2267,25 UFP/100 mL en las muestras sin tratamiento; 2,11; 2,04 y 1,07 UFP/100 mL en las muestras procedentes de la decantación, filtración y clorinación respectivamente. No se detectaron CT y CTT en muestras de agua clorinada. La correlación entre colifagos y CT en muestras de agua decantada y filtrada (r = 0,3793 y r = 0,3629 respectivamente) fueron significativas (p<0,05). En las muestras de agua sin tratamiento no fueron significativas las correlaciones (r = 0,3048, p>0,05). La correlación entre colifagos y los CTT con las muestras de tratamientos fue significativa (r = 0,7129; 0,5326 y 0,4612, para muestras con decantación, filtración y clorinación respectivamente, p<0,05). Los porcentajes de remoción microbiana respecto de la muestras de agua sin tratamiento fueron del 99,95 % para los colifagos, 99,99 % para las BH y >99,99 % para los CT y CTT.Palabras clave: Colifagos, coliformes, contaminación, remoción microbiana, tratamiento del agua, Rio Rímac, Lima, Perú. AbstractThis work compare the efficiency of water treatment from Rimac river. Samples from different phases of water treatment (decanted, filtered and chlorinated) were compared with not treated samples. Coliphages quantification was made by Simple Layer and Membrane Filter methods. Most Probable Number (NMP) and Membrane Filter methods were used to assessment of Total Coliforms, Coliforms Thermotolerants and Heterotrophic Bacteria. The standard strain of E. coli C ATCC 13706 was used as coliphages host.The averages of quantified coliphages were of 2267,25 UFP/100 mL in samples with out treatment; 2,11, 2,04 and 1,07 UFP/100 mL in the water samples from decanted, filtered and chlorinated treatment respectively. Total Coliforms and Coliforms Thermotolerants were not detected in samples of chlorinated water. The correlation between coliphages and Total Coliforms in samples of decanted and filtered water (r = 0,3793 and r = 0,3629 respectively) were significant (p <0,05) Samples with out treatment don't were significant (r = 0,3048, p>0,05). Correlations between coliphages and the Coliforms Thermotolerants were significant with water samples from treatment decanted, filtered and chlorinated (r = 0,7129; 0,5326 and 0,4612, p <0,05). The microbial removal percentages were 99,95 % for the coliphages, 99,99 % for the BH and >99,99 % for the CT and CTT.

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Potable water safety assessed by coliphage and bacterial tests

Cited by 35 publications

References 6 publications

H2S as an Indicator of Water Supply Vulnerability and Health Risk in Low-Resource Settings: A Prospective Cohort Study

H2S as an Indicator of Water Supply Vulnerability and Health Risk in Low-Resource Settings: A Prospective Cohort Study

Avaliação da qualidade higiênico-sanitária da água de poços rasos localizados em uma área urbana: utilização de colifagos em comparação com indicadores bacterianos de poluição fecal

Colifagos como indicadores de contaminación fecal y de remoción bacteriana en la potabilización del agua

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