Potable reuse: Which chemicals to be concerned about

Khan, Stuart J.; Fisher, Ruth M.; Roser, David

doi:10.1016/j.coesh.2018.12.002

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…Hot topics, such as potable reuse, are also included. One notable paper by Khan et al outlines which chemicals to be concerned about for potable reuse . These special issues are chocked full of excellent, provocative reviews and are must-reads.…”

Section: General Reviews New Approaches Large Occurrence Studies and ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Analysis: Emerging Contaminants and Current Issues

2019

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Section: General Reviews New Approaches Large Occurrence Studies and ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Analysis: Emerging Contaminants and Current Issues

2019

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“… 9 , 32 In addition, water treated by DPR or other means can contain complex mixtures that may be toxicologically distinct from individual constituents. 10 , 33 , 34 To inform future policy decisions, we evaluated whether there was a change in birth defects prevalence in four West Texas counties following the implementation of DPR. We hypothesized that an increase in birth defects prevalence might be observed in regions that implemented DPR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8 Since biodegradation occurring in environmental buffers may play an important role in the removal of some drinking water contaminants, it is conceivable that teratogenic compounds could persist in DPR drinking water. [9][10][11] On the other hand, it has been noted that DPR can produce drinking water that is of superior microbiological quality relative to that from other sources. 1,2 In general, public support has been high for DPR initiatives in specific communities where this drinking water source has been proposed, 3 although in the San Gabriel Valley there has been some opposition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct potable reuse and birth defects prevalence in Texas: An augmented synthetic control method analysis of data from a population-based birth defects registry

Schraw,

Rudolph,

Shumate

et al. 2024

Environmental Epidemiology

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Background: Direct potable reuse (DPR) involves adding purified wastewater that has not passed through an environmental buffer into a water distribution system. DPR may help address water shortages and is approved or is under consideration as a source of drinking water for several water-stressed population centers in the United States, however, there are no studies of health outcomes in populations who receive DPR drinking water. Our objective was to determine whether the introduction of DPR for certain public water systems in Texas was associated with changes in birth defect prevalence. Methods: We obtained data on maternal characteristics for all live births and birth defects cases regardless of pregnancy outcome in Texas from 2003 to 2017 from the Texas Birth Defects Registry and birth and fetal death records. The ridge augmented synthetic control method was used to model changes in birth defect prevalence (per 10,000 live births) following the adoption of DPR by four Texas counties in mid-2013, with county-level data on maternal age, percent women without a high school diploma, percent who identified as Hispanic/Latina or non-Hispanic/Latina Black, and rural-urban continuum code as covariates. Results: There were nonstatistically significant increases in prevalence of all birth defects collectively (average treatment effect in the treated = 53.6) and congenital heart disease (average treatment effect in the treated = 287.3) since June 2013. The estimated prevalence of neural tube defects was unchanged. Conclusions: We estimated nonstatistically significant increases in birth defect prevalence following the implementation of DPR in four West Texas counties. Further research is warranted to inform water policy decisions.

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“…Reclaimed water is utilized in various ways, including municipal miscellaneous use, landscape recreation, potable reuse, etc., during which humans may be exposed to the contaminants therein. − Therefore, the impact of byproducts in reclaimed water on human health cannot be ignored. Especially, the noticeable byproducts and elevated toxicity of the ozone process are particularly noteworthy in such effluents containing high concentrations of Br – .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%