Posttraumatic stress disorders and depression among male inpatient adults involved in the Lebanese war

Yaacoub, Hiba; Haddad, Chadia; Dib, Tania; Zoghbi, Marouan; Assaad, Shafika; Obeïd, Sahar; Sacre, Hala; Hallit, Souheil; Kazour, François

doi:10.1111/ppc.12421

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Mental Health Care in the US troops is seen with utmost importance, integrating mental care into their daily work life via centralized workload management; consolidation of professionally trained mental health domains under integrated behavioral health departments such as psychiatry, clinical psychology, psychiatric nursing, and social work services; creation of satellite mental health clinics embedded within brigade work areas; extension of psychosocial help to also the soldier's family members to name a few (42). From our analyses, the US army reports much lower prevalence of psychiatric symptoms (7.10-33.3%) (43,44), compared to their Israelian counterparts (39.6-47.8%) (45,46), suggesting that integration of mental health resources is beneficial to the mental wellness of a population (47). While not explored in this paper, we recommend that further research can be done to investigate if there is the presence of non-report bias, or other stigma associated with reduced report of mental health symptoms to improve the detection and outreach of at-risk individuals in the military.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Prevalence of depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress in war- and conflict-afflicted areas: A meta-analysis

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundWith the rise of fragility, conflict and violence (FCV), understanding the prevalence and risk factors associated with mental disorders is beneficial to direct aid to vulnerable groups. To better understand mental disorders depending on the population and the timeframe, we performed a systematic review to investigate the aggregate prevalence of depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress symptoms among both civilian and military population exposed to war.MethodsWe used MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Embase to identify studies published from inception or 1–Jan, 1945 (whichever earlier), to 31–May, 2022, to reporting on the prevalence of depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress symptoms using structured clinical interviews and validated questionnaires as well as variables known to be associated with prevalence to perform meta-regression. We then used random-effects bivariate meta-analysis models to estimate the aggregate prevalence rate.ResultsThe aggregate prevalence of depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress during times of conflict or war were 28.9, 30.7, and 23.5%, respectively. Our results indicate a significant difference in the levels of depression and anxiety, but not post-traumatic stress, between the civilian group and the military group respectively (depression 34.7 vs 21.1%, p < 0.001; anxiety 38.6 vs 16.2%, p < 0.001; post-traumatic stress: 25.7 vs 21.3%, p = 0.256). The aggregate prevalence of depression during the wars was 38.7% (95% CI: 30.0–48.3, I2 = 98.1%), while the aggregate prevalence of depression post-wars was 29.1% (95% CI: 24.7–33.9, I2 = 99.2%). The aggregate prevalence of anxiety during the wars was 43.4% (95% CI: 27.5–60.7, I2 = 98.6%), while the aggregate prevalence of anxiety post-wars was 30.3% (95% CI: 24.5–36.9, I2 = 99.2%). The subgroup analysis showed significant difference in prevalence of depression, and anxiety between the civilians and military group (p < 0.001).ConclusionThe aggregate prevalence of depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress in populations experiencing FCV are 28.9, 30.7, and 23.5%, respectively. There is a significant difference in prevalence of depression and anxiety between civilians and the military personnels. Our results show that there is a significant difference in the prevalence of depression and anxiety among individuals in areas affected by FCV during the wars compared to after the wars. Overall, these results highlight that mental health in times of conflict is a public health issue that cannot be ignored, and that appropriate aid made available to at risk populations can reduce the prevalence of psychiatric symptoms during time of FCV.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=337486, Identifier 337486.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Prevalence of depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress in war- and conflict-afflicted areas: A meta-analysis

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The antecedents, measurements, incidence rates, causes, and effects of COVID-19 information overload on mental health are widely studied (2,6,9,10,22); however, in addition to negative emotions and psychological illness, chain effects need to be considered. Therefore, according to previous studies that indicated a relationship between COVID-19 information overload and anxiety, depression, and PTSD symptoms (9,10,49,50), we investigated the relationships among these variables. We found that COVID-19 information overload has a small direct effect on the development of PTSD symptoms; moreover, (2,10).…”

Section: Disscussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Yaacoub's study, the relationship between depression and PTSD can be explained by feelings of insecurity, which lead to a more distorted memory of the event and to more intense emotions and hurt. This aggravation of an already distressing trauma increases the chances of developing PTSD (49). Therefore, COVID-19 information overload might affect individuals' PTSD symptoms through the psychological pathways mentioned above.…”

Section: Disscussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Information Overload, Negative Emotions and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Cross-Sectional Study

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundUnder the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, a large amount of COVID-19-related information can cause an individual's perceived information overload, further halting the individual's psychological health. As a minor psychological discomfort could develop severe mental disorders such as posttraumatic stress disorder, it is necessary to understand the chain linkage of COVID-19 information overload turn to posttraumatic stress disorder to ensure timely intervention can be offered at each point of mental state transformation. Hence, we examined the negative outcomes of COVID-19 information overload and investigated the direct and indirect effects of COVID-19 on posttraumatic stress disorder.MethodsA convenient sample of Chinese adults (n = 1150) was investigated by an online survey from July 2020 to March 2021. The extent of COVID-19 information overload was measured by the information overload severity scale on the text of the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychological distress symptoms were measured using a 7-item anxiety scale (GAD-7), the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire depression module (PHQ-9), and the psychometric properties of the PTSD Checklist (PCL-C). Structural equation modeling and bootstrap methods were utilized to analyze the relationships between variables.ResultsCOVID-19 information overload is positively related to an individual's anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder. Furthermore, COVID-19 information overload can indirectly affect an individual's PTSD symptoms by increasing the feeling of depression. R2 values of anxiety, depression, and PTSD were 0.471, 0.324, and 0.795, respectively.ConclusionCOVID-19 information overload, anxiety, depression, and PTSD are negative psychological states, and each variable is closely linked with the others, suggesting the need for potential psychological interventions at specific times. Practical public training, such as crisis coping and information filtering, is essential. Regulation of technology companies is also essential.

show abstract

“…For instance, a study by Farhood et al showed that 97.7% of a studied cohort of civilians from the South of Lebanon witnessed, experienced, or heard of a traumatic war-related event, resulting in a PTSD prevalence of 29.3% (L. Farhood et al, 2006). A more recent study by Yaacoub and colleagues evaluated depression and PTSD factors in 77 hospitalized adult Lebanese males who were directly or indirectly involved in a war or armed conflict (Yaacoub et al, 2020). Using the Hamilton Anxiety and Depression scales as well as the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview, the authors demonstrated that participation in the war was linked to higher PTSD rates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Posttraumatic stress disorder among the Lebanese population and Syrian refugees: A systematic review.

Husseiny¹,

Farran²,

Sheikh³

et al. 2023

Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a severe and disabling condition that can lead to functional impairment and decreased productivity. The purpose of this systematic review was to compile and evaluate existing research on PTSD in Lebanon and among Syrian refugees. Method. We searched the databases OVID Medline, EMBASE, and PsycINFO for articles that used validated tools to report the screening or diagnosis of PTSD among our population of interest. Results. We included 102 articles out of a total of 10,367 screened manuscripts. We identified 24 studies discussing PTSD in the Lebanese population and 78 among Syrian refugees. A total of 90 studies described the epidemiological characteristics of PTSD while 12 assessed different treatment options. There was no significant difference in PTSD rates between males and females. We also identified several risks and protective factors for developing PTSD. The former included female gender, marriage, older age, and exposure to war. Conclusion. PTSD among Lebanese individuals and Syrian refugees is multifactorial in nature, but commonly involves war-related events. There is a significant evidence gap regarding intervention strategies in this population group. Targeted, multidisciplinary, and holistic interventions are required.

show abstract

Posttraumatic stress disorders and depression among male inpatient adults involved in the Lebanese war

Cited by 8 publications

References 30 publications

Prevalence of depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress in war- and conflict-afflicted areas: A meta-analysis

Prevalence of depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress in war- and conflict-afflicted areas: A meta-analysis

COVID-19 Information Overload, Negative Emotions and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Cross-Sectional Study

Posttraumatic stress disorder among the Lebanese population and Syrian refugees: A systematic review.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About