Postprandial lipemia in young men and women of contrasting training status

Herd, Sara L.; Lawrence, Janet E. M.; Malkova, Dalia; Murphy, Marie; Mastana, Sarabjit S.; Hardman, Adrianne E.

doi:10.1152/jappl.2000.89.5.2049

Cited by 51 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…This is the first attempt to determine whether exercise can suppress the lipemic response to a meal approximating the macronutrient composition of the typical Western diet, that is (in terms of energy) 35-40% fat, about 47% carbohydrate, and about 16% protein (Williams, 2002). In fact, with the exception of Murphy et al (2000), who employed a diet providing 47% of energy from fat over the course of 1 day, all studies on the effect of exercise on postprandial lipemia have used test meals containing 60-93% of energy as fat, or 1.0-1.5 g/kg body mass (Maruhama et al, 1977;Schlierf et al, 1987;Klein et al, 1992;Aldred et al, 1994;Hardman & Aldred, 1995;Tsetsonis & Hardman, 1996a, b;Tsetsonis et al, 1997;Gill et al, 1998Gill et al, , 2001aGill et al, , b, 2002Hardman et al, 1998;Herd et al, 1998Herd et al, , 2000Herd et al, , 2001Zhang et al, 1998;Malkova et al, 1999;Gill & Hardman, 2000;Thomas et al, 2001;Petitt et al, 2003). Since the lipemic response to a fat meal is expected and has been shown to be positively related to the amount of fat ingested (Dubois et al, 1998), one could claim that exercise might not have a significant effect on lipemia after a meal of moderate fat content.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Physical exercise has been repeatedly shown to be effective to this end, especially when performed on the day before a fat-rich meal (Aldred et al, 1994;Tsetsonis & Hardman, 1996a, b;Tsetsonis et al, 1997;Gill et al, 1998Gill et al, , 2001aGill et al, , b, 2002Zhang et al, 1998;Malkova et al, 1999Malkova et al, , 2000Gill & Hardman, 2000;Herd et al, 2001;Thomas et al, 2001;Petitt et al, 2003). However, there does not seem to be a chronic effect extending beyond 2 days after the interruption of training Herd et al, 1998Herd et al, , 2000.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of prior exercise on lipemia after a meal of moderate fat content

2004

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Objective: Prior exercise has been repeatedly shown to reduce lipemia after meals of exaggerated fat content (over 60% of total energy). The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the same applies to meals closer to the composition of the typical Western diet and explore whether exercise affects the release of dietary fat into the bloodstream. Design: Randomized counterbalanced. Setting: Laboratory. Subjects: Nine healthy young male volunteers. Intervention: Subjects consumed a meal of moderate fat content (35% of total energy, 0.66 g/kg body mass) 14 h after having either cycled for 1 h at 70-75% of maximal heart rate or rested. Macadamia nuts were used as the main source of dietary fat to trace its entry into the circulation because of their unusual fatty acid composition. Blood samples were drawn before the meal and for 8 h postprandially. Results: Plasma triacylglycerol concentrations and total area under the triacylglycerol concentration vs time curve (AUC) were significantly lower after exercise (P ¼ 0.001 and 0.003, respectively; effect size for the latter, 0.84). However, incremental (above baseline) AUC was not affected by exercise significantly. When controlling for differences in baseline plasma concentrations, only the fatty acids that were more abundant in the meal than in plasma triacylglycerols were decreased in the early postprandial period following exercise, implying either a suppressive effect of exercise on the rate of triacylglycerol release from the intestine or a more rapid chylomicron clearance after meal consumption. Conclusions: Exercise performed between 15 and 14 h before a meal of moderate fat content reduced postprandial lipemia, mainly by lowering fasting triacylglycerols. The effect of exercise on postprandial triacylglycerol metabolism may be mediated, at least in part, by attenuated release of dietary fat from the intestine.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of prior exercise on lipemia after a meal of moderate fat content

2004

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“…In addition to direct anti-inflammatory effects of myokines released from contracting muscle, it is well established that a single bout of exercise can attenuate postprandial lipemia (10,35,41,42,44,46,74,75,103). This attenuation has been shown to be dependent on energy expended during a bout of exercise, not on exercise intensity per se (29,95,96).…”

Section: Exercise and Lipid Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of an acute bout of moderate-intensity exercise on postprandial lipemia and airway inflammation

Johnson

Kurti

Smith

et al. 2016

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

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Obesity and asthma often coexist in the same people. Both are characterized by the presence of low-grade systemic inflammation. A high-fat diet may contribute to concurrent development of both conditions by promoting a pro-inflammatory postprandial environment leading to a transient accumulation of blood lipids (postprandial lipemia; PPL) and acute airway inflammation. Previous results from our lab have shown an ~20% increase in airway inflammation two hours after consuming a high-fat meal (HFM) that was significantly associated with increased plasma triglycerides. While acute exercise has been shown to attenuate PPL, it is unknown whether these protective effects will translate to reduced airway inflammation after a high-fat meal. PURPOSE: To determine the effects of an acute bout of exercise on airway inflammation after a HFM. We tested the hypothesis that an acute bout of exercise 12 hours before a high-fat meal would protect against subsequent airway inflammation in healthy men and would be related to the decreased PPL and systemic inflammatory markers. METHODS: In a randomized cross-over study, 12 healthy college-aged men consumed a HFM (1g fat/1kg body weight) 12 hours following exercise (EX; 60 min at 60% VO2max) or without exercise (CON).Exhaled nitric oxide (eNO; measure of airway inflammation), blood lipid profiles (venous sample; total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglycerides, glucose), inflammatory markers (hsCRP, TNF-α, IL-6) and pulmonary function tests (PFT) (forced expiratory volume in 1-s,forced vital capacity, forced expiratory flow at 25-75% of vital capacity) were measured pre-HFM, two hours, and four hours post-HFM. RESULTS: Baseline eNO was not different (p>0.05) between trials. eNO increased (p<0.05) post HFM at two hours in the both CON and EX conditions. eNO between trials was not different (p>0.05). Triglycerides were significantly increased two and four hours post HFM but were not different (p>0.05) between conditions. There was no relationship (p>0.05) between eNO and triglycerides or systemic inflammatory markers for any time point in either condition. Pulmonary function did not differ (p>0.05) between any condition.CONCLUSION: These results demonstrate that an acute bout of moderate intensity exercise 12 hours before a HFM does not attenuate postprandial airway inflammation or lipemia in healthy college-aged men.v

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“…For these reasons, an exaggerated PPL is viewed as an independent risk for accelerated CVD (24); thus, resolution of PPL is an aggressively targeted goal for reducing CVD risk and slowing vascular disease progression in humans without SCI (20,25,26).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PPL was assessed by measurement of blood plasma TG uptake and disposal after ingestion of a commonly described milkshake (19) consisting of heavy whipping cream and premium ice cream (1.3 g fat, 1.2 g carbohydrate, 0.2 g protein, and 76 kJ of energy; all per kilogram of body mass; Refs. 20,21). Blood samples were collected in clot lysis activator (serum) and citrated Vacutainer tubes before intake of the test meal and at 2, 4, and 6 hours after the test meal.…”

Section: Ppl Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for an Exaggerated Postprandial Lipemia in Chronic Paraplegia

Nash

deGroot

Martinez‐Arizala

et al. 2005

The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine

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Background/Objective: Excessive delay in triglyceride (TG) metabolism after ingestion of dietary fat represents a significant cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. The objective of this study was to compare the postprandial lipemic responses of individuals with paraplegia with those of healthy nondisabled individuals.Methods: The ability of 3 recreationally active individuals with paraplegia having normal fasting TG (mean ¼ 103 mg/dL) to metabolize TG after ingestion of a high-fat test meal was compared with a previously published cohort of 21 recreationally active individuals without paraplegia (TG mean ¼ 86 mg/dL) who underwent identical testing. The subjects with paraplegia had venous blood taken under fasting conditions, and then ingested a milkshake containing premium ice cream blended with heavy whipping cream (;92% of calories from fat). Additional blood samples were obtained at 2, 4, and 6 hours after ingestion. The area under the curve (AUC) for TG clearance for both subject groups was measured with an area planimeter.Results: TG uptake for both groups was almost identical for the first 2 hours after ingestion. At 4 and 6 hours after ingestion, the TG levels were 50 and 35 mg/dL higher, respectively, in subjects with paraplegia than in nondisabled subjects. When corrected for small baseline differences in TG concentrations (16 mg/dL), the AUC was 46.5% greater for the group with paraplegia than in the nondisabled group. A near mirror association across time was observed between postprandial serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and TG levels in subjects with paraplegia.Conclusion: This case series finds an exaggerated postprandial lipemia (PPL) in persons with paraplegia with normal fasting TGs. This finding is the first evidence, in a small population, of an unreported potential CVD risk in persons with paraplegia.J Spinal Cord Med. 2005;28:320-325

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Postprandial lipemia in young men and women of contrasting training status

Cited by 51 publications

References 40 publications

Effect of prior exercise on lipemia after a meal of moderate fat content

Effect of prior exercise on lipemia after a meal of moderate fat content

Effects of an acute bout of moderate-intensity exercise on postprandial lipemia and airway inflammation

Evidence for an Exaggerated Postprandial Lipemia in Chronic Paraplegia

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