Postprandial changes in serum concentrations of individual bile salts in normal subjects and patients with acute viral hepatitis

Campbell, C. B.; McGuffie, Christine; Powell, Lawrie W.; Roberts, Rosemary; Stewart, Adam G

doi:10.1007/bf01072594

Cited by 20 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…ATP and ergothioneine hardly varied although individual ergothioneine levels were distinct. In contrast, four variable compounds fluctuated considerably over 24 h. Metabolites, such as glycochenodeoxycholate, tetradecanoyl-carnitine, 4-aminobenzoate, and caffeine, vary widely, depending upon daily consumption of food, drink, supplements, and medications (22)(23)(24). Our results are consistent with those data previously reported.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

Individual variability in human blood metabolites identifies age-related differences

Chaleckis

Murakami

Takada

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

291

323

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Metabolites present in human blood document individual physiological states influenced by genetic, epigenetic, and lifestyle factors. Using high-resolution liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), we performed nontargeted, quantitative metabolomics analysis in blood of 15 young (29 ± 4 y of age) and 15 elderly (81 ± 7 y of age) individuals. Coefficients of variation (CV = SD/mean) were obtained for 126 blood metabolites of all 30 donors. Fiftyfive RBC-enriched metabolites, for which metabolomics studies have been scarce, are highlighted here. We found 14 blood compounds that show remarkable age-related increases or decreases; they include 1,5-anhydroglucitol, dimethyl-guanosine, acetyl-carnosine, carnosine, ophthalmic acid, UDP-acetyl-glucosamine, N-acetyl-arginine, N 6 -acetyl-lysine, pantothenate, citrulline, leucine, isoleucine, NAD + , and NADP + . Six of them are RBC-enriched, suggesting that RBC metabolomics is highly valuable for human aging research. Age differences are partly explained by a decrease in antioxidant production or increasing inefficiency of urea metabolism among the elderly. Pearson's coefficients demonstrated that some age-related compounds are correlated, suggesting that aging affects them concomitantly. Although our CV values are mostly consistent with those CVs previously published, we here report previously unidentified CVs of 51 blood compounds. Compounds having moderate to high CV values (0.4-2.5) are often modified. Compounds having low CV values, such as ATP and glutathione, may be related to various diseases because their concentrations are strictly controlled, and changes in them would compromise health. Thus, human blood is a rich source of information about individual metabolic differences. H uman blood metabolites have been well-investigated to determine their abundance and biological significance, and for their potential use as diagnostic markers. For medical diagnosis, noncellular metabolites from plasma or serum are mostly commonly used due to the simplicity in collecting and examining them. Although mature human red blood cells (RBCs) lack nuclei and cellular organelles (1), RBCs use glycolysis for ATP production, maintain redox homeostasis, and osmoregulate (2). Their active metabolism supports cellular homeostasis and ensures lifespans of ∼4 mo (3). Their metabolites may reflect health status or environmental stresses differently than do metabolites of plasma. Because RBCs occupy about half the total blood volume (∼5 L), their metabolite profiles, which have scarcely been investigated, seemed worthy of investigation.Metabolomics is a branch of chemical biology that profiles metabolites in cells and organisms, using techniques such as liquid chromatography (LC)-mass spectrometry (MS). It usually deals with molecules <1.5 kDa and is an important tool for studying metabolic regulation in combination with other comprehensive analyses, such as proteomics and transcriptomics. Recently, we reported that, among 133 compounds identified in human blood, 101 are also found...

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

Individual variability in human blood metabolites identifies age-related differences

Chaleckis

Murakami

Takada

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

291

323

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“…In liver disease the elevation of postprandial bile acids results from the inability of the liver cell to remove bile acids from portal blood or from portosystemic shunting by which the bile acids bypass hepatocyte. Although some 3 , 4) failed to show a postprandial increase in serum bile acids in control subjects using gas-liquid chromatography, several studies, 5 , 9 , 12 , 23 , 26 , 27) using more sensitive methods, showed a postprandial increase in serum bile acids in control subjects and mild liver disease. Controversy still exists as to the basis for the greater sensitivity of postprandial serum bile acids as compared with fasting levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…And also it can be useful in judging the response to therapy of patients with chronic active hepatitis and in predicting those patients who subsequently relapsed following biochemical and histological resolution. 8 , 27) In addition, it is suggested that the serum level of bile acid may be used to confirm the hepatic origin of an increased level in serum enzymes such as alkaline phosphates or aspirate aminotransferase and allow differential diagnosis of jaundice. 29) Normal levels of serum bile acids in the presence of hyperbilirubinemia appears to occur in congenital hyperbilirubinemia and hemolysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Profiles of Serum Bile Acids in Live Diseases

Kim

Suh

1986

Korean J Intern Med

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Cholylglycine (CG) and sulfolithocholylglycine (SLCG) in fasting and postprandial serum were determined in patients with liver diseases by radioimmunoassay. In normal controls, fasting CG and SLCG were 54.67±68.66ng/100ml and 16.61 ±12.84ng/100ml respectively, while postprandial CG and SLCG were 61.21 ±37.29ng/100ml and 21.95± 15.9ng/100ml respectively.In liver disease, serum bile acids were elevated. The greatest increase was found in acute viral hepatitis but moderate or slight increase was also found in chronic active hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and hepatoma. Fasting bile acids seem to be a sensitive index for hepatocellular dysfunction but not for differential diagnosis of liver diseases.In liver diseases except hepatoma, fasting CG and SLCG correlated significantly with total bilirubin, albumin, GOT, GPT, and alkaline phosphatase but not with cholesterol.Insignificant elevation of bile acids was found postprandially in patients with liver diseases as well as normal controls and postprandial bile acids were not more sensitive than fasting ones.

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“…The determination of the total serum bile acids (tSBA) is widely used (Balistreri and Shaw, 1987) as a liver function test because it is considered to have high sensitivity and specificity in humans (Kaplowitz and Kok, 1973;Campbell et aL, 1978;Hofmann, 1988) and in animals (Anwer et al, 1976;Hauge and Abdelkader, 1984;Center et al, 1985;Parraga and Kaneko, 1985;West, 1989West, , 1991. In the horse, bile acid (BA) metabolism and serum bile acid (SBA) composition are not well known.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bile acid fractionations by high-performance liquid chromatography in equine liver disease

et al. 1992

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Serum bile acids were fractionated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in 13 control and 8 cases of liver disease in horses. The severity and type of liver injury was determined by histopathological examination of biopsy and/or necropsy specimens. The total serum bile acids (tSBA) were determined in these horses by an enzymatic method (SBA-EA) and by summation of the bile acids (SBA-LC) as fractionated by the HPLC. The SBA-LC were generally higher than the SBA-EA in both the controls and liver disease and they did not parallel each other. The primary bile acids, total cholates and total chenodeoxycholates accounted for most of the tSBA increases in liver disease. There was a shift in profile from taurocholate to free (unconjugated) cholate in direct relation to the severity of the liver injury. Among the secondary bile acids, total deoxycholates and total taurodeoxycholates increased at random. The pattern of the SBA profile in relation to the severity of the liver disease suggested that hepatocellular excretion is the most sensitive step in the enterohepatic circulation of the bile acids.

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Postprandial changes in serum concentrations of individual bile salts in normal subjects and patients with acute viral hepatitis

Cited by 20 publications

References 29 publications

Individual variability in human blood metabolites identifies age-related differences

Individual variability in human blood metabolites identifies age-related differences

Profiles of Serum Bile Acids in Live Diseases

Bile acid fractionations by high-performance liquid chromatography in equine liver disease

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