Postpartum Ovarian Vein and Inferior Vena Cava Thrombosis

Abstract

Postpartum ovarian vein thrombosis (POVT), which generally occurs 2–15 days postpartum, is a rare complication. It can be confused with acute appendicitis, pelvic infection, ovarian torsion, tubo-ovarian abscess, and pyelonephritis. It is associated with morbidity and mortality. Here, we present a patient with postpartum OVT and IVC diagnosed by US and CT findings. She was treated successfully with no further need for any interventional procedures.

Ovarian Vein Thrombosis as a Complication of Laparoscopic Surgery

“…The diagnosis of ovarian vein thrombosis is difficult due to the nonspecific symptoms of abdominal pain, flank pain, fever, nausea, vomiting, and rarely an abdominal mass. It may mimic a myriad of conditions like acute appendicitis, pyelonephritis, ovarian torsion, pelvic inflammatory disease, tuboovarian abscess, or inflammatory bowel disease [ 7 , 8 ]. Often, an incidental diagnosis of OVT is made when CT scan of abdomen and pelvis is performed to establish the cause of patient's symptoms.…”

Postpartum inferior vena cava thrombosis treated by endovascular suction thrombectomy utilizing veno-venous extracorporeal circulation

“…The occurrence of pulmonary embolism in women (as in our patient) with POVT was found to be 13% to 33%, with 4% of cases being fatal. 3 Untreated POVT can have catastrophic consequences. In a series of 182 patients with untreated POVT, Miller found that more than half of the patients died.…”

“…2 POVT may progress into the inferior vena cava (IVC) and can also lead to pulmonary embolism, in which a third of cases are fatal. [3][4][5] In this case report, we describe a patient with POVT progressing to IVC thrombosis and pulmonary embolism that was treated by endovascular therapy.…”

Idiopathic Ovarian Vein Thrombosis: A Rare Case in Nonpregnant Woman

“…The right ovarian vein joins the inferior vena cava (IVC) below the right renal vein and the left ovarian vein drains into the left renal vein [5]. A recent study noted that the ovarian veins are best visualized at the level of the inferior mesenteric artery origin, where both veins are surrounded by retroperitoneal fat [6].…”

“…However, high-resolution CT scan with the administration of IV contrast is currently considered the diagnostic imaging modality of choice [3,7]. The sensitivity of CT scan is reported to be 95%, but the sensitivity of Doppler ultrasonography is only approximately 50% [3].The treatment is generally conservative -IV heparin and antibioticsbut surgery may be indicated in rare clinical pictures to treat underlying disorders [6].…”