Postpartum Hemorrhage and its Associated Factors Among Women who Gave Birth at Yirgalem General Hospital, Sidama Regional State, Ethiopia

Abstract

Background Globally, postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is one of the leading causes of maternal mortality. In developing countries, it accounts for more than 30% of all maternal deaths. So, understanding its burden in the health care setting is significant. Thus, this study aimed to assess the magnitude of PPH and its associated factors among women who gave birth at Yirgalem General Hospital, Sidama Region, Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from March 12 to 26, 2020 among randomly selected 298 women. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered, structured, and pretested questionnaire. EpiData version 3.1 and SPSS version 20 were used to enter and analyze the data, respectively. Descriptive statistics, bivariable, and multivariable logistic regression analysis were done. Adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to measure the presence and strength of association between the independent and the outcome variables. A P-value ≤.05 was considered to declare statistical significance. Result The magnitude of PPH was 9.4% [95% CI: 6.0, 12.8]. Prolonged labor (≥24 h) [AOR = 3.4, 95% CI: 1.1, 9.9], giving birth by cesarean section [AOR = 5.8, 95% CI: 1.1, 22.0], and instrumental vaginal delivery [AOR = 3.7, 95% CI: 1.1, 12.7], and having a history of the uterine atony [AOR = 4.8, 95% CI: 1.4, 16.6] during their last delivery were factors significantly associated with PPH. Conclusion The magnitude of PPH was high. Healthcare professionals should manage the progress of labor and take all necessary measures at right time. Also, giving attention to the safety of delivery-related procedures and early related potential risks is crucial.

Magnitude of postpartum hemorrhage and its associated factors in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…The current systematic review and meta-analysis included 21 primary studies with a total of 93,898 study participants. Of the total of 21 studies; 7 studies were conducted in Amhara region [11,[36][37][38][39][40][41], 6 studies in South nation nationality and people (SNNP) region [30,[42][43][44][45][46], 2 studies in Oromia region [10,47], 2 studies in Addis Ababa City administration [29,48], 1 study in Tigray region [49], 1 study in Dire Dawa City administration [50], 1 study in Harar region [51] and 1 study was conducted national-wide [52] (Table 1). Only 4 studies were conducted in rural area, the rest 17 were conducted in urban area.…”

“…Accordingly, age of the women, prolonged labor, antenatal care (ANC) visits, parity and history of postpartum hemorrhage were significantly associated with postpartum hemorrhage (Table 2). The age of the mother was significantly associated with postpartum hemorrhage among three primary studies included in this systematic review and meta-analysis [30,39,46]. A total of 864 study participants were included to determine the association between the age of the mothers and the occurrence of post-partum hemorrhage.…”

“…Prolonged labor was reported as a factor associated with postpartum hemorrhage among three primary studies [38,42,46]. To analyze the association between prolonged labor and postpartum hemorrhage; 1060 mothers were included in the analysis.…”

“…Three primary studies have reported that antenatal care follow-up (ANC) was significantly reduces the occurrence of post-partum hemorrhage after birth [38,39,46]. More than 819 postnatal mothers were included to show the association between antenatal care follow-up and postpartum hemorrhage.…”

“…Three primary studies included in this meta-analysis reported that pervious postpartum hemorrhage was significantly associated with the occurrence of post-partum hemorrhage after birth [30,39,46]. A total of 863 mothers were included to show the association between previous PPH and postpartum hemorrhage.…”