Postpartum Contraceptive Use in Bangladesh: Understanding Users' Perspectives

Salway, Sarah; Nurani, Sufia

doi:10.2307/172180

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…Apart from intentions to conceive or a loss of fecundability, of which the former is common among young women, major reasons for high discontinuation rates are related to either the presence of side effects or health concerns. A qualitative study of women's postpartum perceptions of contraception in Bangladesh revealed that modern contraceptives, particularly hormonal methods, are viewed as having the potential to cause permanent damage to a woman's reproductive organs and as disruptive to the body's natural functioning (Salway and Nurani 1998). These feelings are reiterated in the latest BDHS, which shows that about 25 percent of married women below age 30 who are fecund and sexually active do not intend to use contraception because of health concerns.…”

Section: Heterogeneity In Fertility and Contraceptive Use In Bangladeshmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneous Effects of Birth Spacing on Neonatal Mortality Risks in Bangladesh

Molitoris

2018

Studies in Family Planning

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The negative relationship between birth interval length and neonatal mortality risks is well documented, but heterogeneity in this relationship has been largely ignored. Using the Bangladesh Maternal Mortality and Health Care Survey 2010, this study investigates how the effect of birth interval length on neonatal mortality risks varies by maternal age at birth and maternal education. There is significant variation in the effect of interval length on neonatal mortality along these dimensions. Young mothers and those with little education, both of which make up a large share of the Bangladeshi population, can disproportionately benefit from longer intervals. Because these results were obtained from within‐family models, they are not due to unobservable heterogeneity between mothers. Targeting women with these characteristics may lead to significant improvements in neonatal mortality rates, but there are significant challenges in reaching them.

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Section: Heterogeneity In Fertility and Contraceptive Use In Bangladeshmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneous Effects of Birth Spacing on Neonatal Mortality Risks in Bangladesh

Molitoris

2018

Studies in Family Planning

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“…The range of contraceptive methods available after childbirth is a key determinant of adoption and use, as is the timing of return of menses (Salway and Nurani 1998a;Ali and Shah 2004;Gebreselassie, Rutstein, and Mishra 2008;Borda and Winfrey 2010;Rutstein and Winter 2014). A multicountry analysis by Ali and Shah (2004) showed that less than 30 percent of women adopt a method before the return of menses, while a study in Dhaka's slums showed that women were more likely to adopt a method after the resumption of menses (Salway and Nurani 1998a).…”

Section: Studies In Family Planning 46(4)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A multicountry analysis by Ali and Shah (2004) showed that less than 30 percent of women adopt a method before the return of menses, while a study in Dhaka's slums showed that women were more likely to adopt a method after the resumption of menses (Salway and Nurani 1998a). In Peru and Indonesia, only half of modern methods were available to couples, and this factor was likely the reason for high use of periodic abstinence (Becker and Ahmed 2001).…”

Section: Studies In Family Planning 46(4)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies on postpartum contraceptive use have relied on cross-sectional data, with the notable exception of Salway andNurani (1998a and1998b) in Bangladesh. Moreover, most previous research on postpartum family planning focuses on the timing of contraceptive adoption, with limited examination of continuation of contraceptive use or switching after discontinuation.…”

Section: Studies In Family Planning 46(4)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Contraceptive Adoption, Discontinuation, and Switching among Postpartum Women in Nairobi's Urban Slums

Mumah

Machiyama

Mutua

et al. 2015

Studies in Family Planning

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Unmet need for contraception is highest within 12 months post-delivery, according to research. Using longitudinal data from the Nairobi UrbanE stimates indicate that more than 215 million women who wish to postpone childbearing in low-and middle-income countries are not using any form of modern contraception (Singh et al. 2009). Discounting the partial protection from lactational amenorrhea, unmet need for family planning is particularly high among postpartum women (Ross and Winfrey 2001). Factors associated with nonuse of contraception include low educational and socioeconomic status, rural residence, and fertility goals (Westoff 2001). The consequences are high levels of unintended pregnancies, especially in low-and middle-income countries, with an estimated 73 million such pregnancies in 2012 (Sedgh and Hussain 2014). Unintended pregnancies have implications for the health and well-being of women and children, because a woman's risk of death increases with each successive pregnancy.

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“…One of the most compelling enquiries concerns the views of women in Matlab district and the slums of Dhaka, Bangladesh, in the 1990s. 25,26 These women considered the postpartum phase to be one of extreme vulnerability for the mother FIGURE 1. Differences in absolute percentage points in modern method use between breast-feeding and non-breast-feeding women at 0-11 months postpartum who had resumed sex and menstruation, by region and country…”

Section: Estimating Unmet Need For Contraception Among Postpartum Womenmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Fresh Look at the Level of Unmet Need for Family Planning in the Postpartum Period, Its Causes and Program Implications

Cleland¹,

Shah²,

Beňová³

2015

IPSRH

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One central rationale for the promotion of family planning is the potential benefit to the health of mothers and children. The achievement of adequate spacing between pregnancies is a major pathway through which contraceptive practice can render benefits. Pregnancies conceived less than 20 months following a prior birth are at considerably higher risk of prematurity, low birth weight, fetal death and early neonatal death. 1 The importance of this link is underscored by the facts that neonatal deaths account for 44% of all childhood deaths and that prematurity is the most common cause. 2 In addition to the 2.9 million neonatal deaths that occur each year, 99% in low-and middleincome countries, an almost equal number of stillbirths occur. 3 An analysis of Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data from 52 countries showed that the adverse effects of inadequate spacing extend beyond the neonatal period. 4 Expressed in terms of interbirth intervals, children born within 24 months of an elder sibling have a 60% increased risk of dying before their first birthday and those born 2-3 years after an elder sibling have a 10% increased risk, compared with those born after an interval of 3-5 years. For children between the ages of one and five years, the balance of evidence suggests that intervals of less than two years are associated with a 40% increased risk of dying. A systematic review confirmed that the health of mothers is also affected by inadequate spacing. 5 Specifically, short intervals are associated with uterine rupture and uteroplacental bleeding disorders. Despite the steep rise in contraceptive use in developing countries, interbirth intervals have increased in length only slightly over the past 25 years; according to recent surveys, 25% of second and higher-order children are born within two years of a sibling, compared with about 29% a decade earlier. 6Though this evidence underlines the importance of postpartum family planning for the health of both mothers and children, the topic suffered a prolonged era of benign neglect that has only recently been remedied. In 2013, the World Health Organization issued new guidelines for this component of contraceptive services and the U.S. Agency for International Development is funding projects to provide postpartum services. 7,8 One factor that helped to revitalize this agenda was a study of women in 27 countries by Ross and Winfrey in which the proportion who wanted to postpone another child for at least two years but were using no method of contraception was, on average, at the very high level of 65% in the first year following childbirth. 9 Indeed, their analysis suggested that 39% of all unmet need for contraception arose from women who had given birth in the previous 12 months. For decades, the concept of unmet need has been the main way of prioritizing populations for delivery of family planning services, and thus Ross and Winfrey's article had a major impact. However, their findings are perplexing because it is well established that most couples wish to space su...

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Postpartum Contraceptive Use in Bangladesh: Understanding Users' Perspectives

Cited by 18 publications

References 25 publications

Heterogeneous Effects of Birth Spacing on Neonatal Mortality Risks in Bangladesh

Heterogeneous Effects of Birth Spacing on Neonatal Mortality Risks in Bangladesh

Contraceptive Adoption, Discontinuation, and Switching among Postpartum Women in Nairobi's Urban Slums

A Fresh Look at the Level of Unmet Need for Family Planning in the Postpartum Period, Its Causes and Program Implications

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