Postoperative Peritoneal Dissemination of Ovarian Cancer Cells is not Promoted by Carbon-dioxide Pneumoperitoneum at Low Intraperitoneal Pressure in a Syngenic Mouse Laparoscopic Model with Controlled Respiratory Support: A Pilot Study

Impact of surgical peritoneal environment on postoperative tumor growth and dissemination in a preimplanted tumor model

“…This line readily forms tumors that spread in the peritoneal cavity, similar to stages III and IV, in immunocompetent mice [9,10,12]. They were maintained in Dulbecco's modified eagle medium (DMEM) (Invitrogen), supplemented with 4% fetal calf serum (Invitrogen), 100 UI/mL penicillin, 100 lg/mL streptomycin, 5 lg/mL insulin, 5 lg/mL transferrin, and 5 lg/mL sodium selenite (ITS, Invitrogen).…”

“…Anesthesia and videoendoscopy-assisted endotracheal intubation [7][8][9][10] All mice were anaesthetized in a container with 3-5% vaporized isoflurane with air. Each spontaneously breathing, anaesthetized animal was placed in the supine position on a surgical warming table.…”

“…Homeothermia [7][8][9][10] After the induction of anaesthesia; all procedures were performed on a thermostatically regulated, feedbackcontrolled heating pad (Homeothermic Blanket Control Unit, Harvard Apparatus GmbH). After intubation, a temperature probe was inserted into the rectum and homeothermia was maintained during the surgical procedure.…”

“…The procedure was repeated two times independently to ensure the reproducibility of the results. Finally, a dissemination score for each mouse was calculated according to the equation: score = total number of nodules 9 tumor volume score (Table 1) [9,10].…”

“…However, a serious limitation of many of the laparoscopic experiments performed in rodent models is the lack of attention paid to confounding factors, including whether or not respiratory support was used, and what insufflation pressures were used in the peritoneum [7,8]. Therefore, we developed a syngenic mouse model of postoperative peritoneal dissemination of ovarian cancer cells with controlled respiratory support (CRS) [9,10].…”