Postoperative fever

Abstract

P u b l i c a t i o n s ( w w w . m e d k n o w . c o m ) .Postoperative fever is one of the most common problems seen in the postoperative ward. Most cases of fever immediately following surgery are self-limiting. The appearance of postoperative fever is not limited to specific types of surgery. Fever can occur immediately after surgery and seen to be related directly to the operation or may occur sometime after the surgery as a result of an infection at the surgical site or infections that involve organs distant from the surgery. Therefore, during evaluating postoperative fever, it is important to recognize when a wait -and -see approach is appropriate, when further work-up is needed and when immediate action is indicated.Fever clinically significant. [1] Fever is a rise of the normal core temperature of an individual that exceeds the normal daily variation and Measurement of body temperature occurs in connection with an increase in the hypothalamic Temperature taken orally is about 0.5°C higher than that taken in the axilla or is about 0.5°C below than that taken rectally. Rectal temperature is considered core.The According to studies of healthy individuals 18 to 40 lower oral readings are probably attributable to mouth years of age, the mean oral temperature is 36.8° ± 0.4°C breathing, which is a particularly important factor in (98.2° ± 0.7°F) with low levels at 6 am and higher levels patients with respiratory infections and rapid breathing. between 4 to 6 pm. The maximum oral temperature is Lower oesophageal temperature closely reflects core 37.2°C (98.9°F) at 6am and 37.7°C (99.9°F) at 4 pm; temperature. [2] these values define the 99 th percentile for healthy Abstract set point.individuals. In light of these studies, an am temperature of greater than 37.2°C (98.9°F) or a pm temperature of greater than 37.7°C (99.9°F) would define a fever. However, there is no coding definition or uniform clinical definition of a significant fever. Temperatures exceeding 38°C (100.4°F) and persisting for more than two postoperative days are generally considered to be From:

Postoperative fever: A normal inflammatory response or cause for concern

“…The febrile response is stimulated by the release of intracellular messengers known as cytokines. Cytokines may be released in response to exogenous pyrogens such as microorganisms (i.e., infectious etiology), or endogenous pyrogens released as a result of tissue trauma such as that which occurs during surgery (Rudra, Pal, & Acharjee, 2006). The primary activator of the febrile response is a cytokine known as interleukin I (although other cytokines including interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor, and interferon Y have also been implicated).…”

“…It has been established that the greater the magnitude of tissue trauma or manipulation, the greater the release of cytokines and increased incidence of fever. This has been demonstrated by increased episodes of postoperative fever after open vs. laparoscopic cholecystectomy (Rudra et al, 2006). Regardless of the type of surgery, some degree of tissue trauma and cytokine release is an expected consequence of surgery.…”

“…In cases of a deeper tissue infection or an infected hematoma, a radiological imaging study such as an ultrasound or a CT scan may need to be carried out to further evaluate the wound. In addition, the wound may need to be opened to be fully evaluated and cultured (O’Grady et al, 2008; Rudra et al, 2006).…”

“…A focused physical exam should be carried out in order to assess for any changes in heart sounds or presence of murmurs. Patients with mechanical heart valves are at increased risk of developing endocarditis and therefore should have an echocardiogram carried out to assess for vegetation or infected heart tissue (Rudra et al, 2006).…”

Evaluation of postoperative pyrexia in general surgery patients in Medicity Institute of Medical Sciences, Ghanpur, Medchal, India

“…6 The male to female ratio is 5:3. Aim of the present study was to explore the disease on clinical presentation, histopathological typing and grading, to determine the nature of surgical procedure and other therapeutic options and to know the outcome of disease.…”