Postnatal synaptic development of the Nucleus Tractus Solitarius (NTS) of the rat

Miller, Arthur J.; McKoon, M.; Pinneau, Marcia; Silverstein, Robert S.

doi:10.1016/0165-3806(83)90005-6

Cited by 39 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…However, individual afferent axons can branch extensively within NTS (Donoghue et al, 1981;Davies and Kubin, 1986), and some individual afferents deliver multiple terminal contacts onto the soma and proximal dendrites of single second-order NTS neurons (Anders et al, 1993). Such proximal somatodendritic contacts are consistent with other observations (Miller et al, 1983;Kalia and Richter, 1985;Chan et al, 2000;Sekizawa et al, 2003;Doyle et al, 2004). Synaptic responses recorded in somata isolated from medial NTS suggest that axosomatic terminals share similar afferent pharmacological profiles with those found in more intact preparations (Jin et al, 2004a,b).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…1 B). The presence of axosomatic contacts with NTS neurons is consistent with previous descriptions of various cranial visceral afferents (Miller et al, 1983;Kalia and Richter, 1985;Anders et al, 1993;Maley, 1996;Sekizawa et al, 2003;Doyle et al, 2004). In contrast, many PVN-projecting neurons lacked evidence of axosomatic appositions from varicose vagal afferents (Fig.…”

Section: Cranial Visceral Afferents Contact Nts Neurons Projecting Tosupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Our studies demonstrate that vagal afferents form direct synaptic contacts with CVLM-projecting NTS neurons, and thus such neurons were anatomically identified as monosynaptically coupled to cranial visceral afferents. Our observations of large visceral afferent synaptic currents (see below) coupled with previous reports of afferent synaptic terminals on NTS neuron somata (Miller et al, 1983;Kalia and Richter, 1985;Anders et al, 1993;Maley, 1996;Sekizawa et al, 2003;Doyle et al, 2004) suggest that proximal cranial visceral afferent contacts are common and contrast the pattern of integration by weak excitatory contacts on distal dendrites so common in other brain regions (Bruno and Sakmann, 2006).…”

Section: Cranial Visceral Afferents Contact Nts Neurons Projecting Tosupporting

confidence: 53%

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Cranial Visceral Afferent Pathways through the Nucleus of the Solitary Tract to Caudal Ventrolateral Medulla or Paraventricular Hypothalamus: Target-Specific Synaptic Reliability and Convergence Patterns

Bailey

Hermes

Andresen³

et al. 2006

J. Neurosci.

130

141

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Cranial visceral afferents activate central pathways that mediate systemic homeostatic processes. Afferent information arrives in the brainstem nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) and is relayed to other CNS sites for integration into autonomic responses and complex behaviors. Little is known about the organization or nature of processing within NTS. We injected fluorescent retrograde tracers into two nuclei to identify neurons that project to sites involved in autonomic regulation: the caudal ventrolateral medulla (CVLM) or paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN). We found distinct differences in synaptic connections and performance in the afferent path through NTS to these neurons. Anatomical studies using confocal and electron microscopy found prominent, primary afferent synapses directly on somata and dendrites of CVLM-projecting NTS neurons identifying them as second-order neurons. In brainstem slices, afferent activation evoked large, constant latency EPSCs in CVLM-projecting NTS neurons that were consistent with the precise timing and rare failures of monosynaptic contacts on second-order neurons. In contrast, most PVN-projecting NTS neurons lacked direct afferent input and responded to afferent stimuli with highly variable, intermittently failing synaptic responses, indicating polysynaptic pathways to higher-order neurons. The afferent-evoked EPSCs in most PVN-projecting NTS neurons were smaller and unreliable but also often included multiple, convergent polysynaptic responses not observed in CVLM-projecting neurons. A few PVN-projecting NTS neurons had monosynaptic EPSC characteristics. Together, we found that cranial visceral afferent pathways are structured distinctly within NTS depending on the projection target. Such, intra-NTS pathway architecture will substantially impact performance of autonomic or neuroendocrine reflex arcs.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Cranial Visceral Afferents Contact Nts Neurons Projecting Tosupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Cranial Visceral Afferents Contact Nts Neurons Projecting Tosupporting

confidence: 53%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Cranial Visceral Afferent Pathways through the Nucleus of the Solitary Tract to Caudal Ventrolateral Medulla or Paraventricular Hypothalamus: Target-Specific Synaptic Reliability and Convergence Patterns

Bailey

Hermes

Andresen³

et al. 2006

J. Neurosci.

130

141

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Similar changes in synaptophysin density were found in the nucleus ambiguus and ventrolateral medulla. The number of pre-synaptic boutons also increases between P30 and adulthood (Miller et al, 1982). Thus, rat NTS neuronal morphology changes substantially during the first few weeks of life.…”

Section: Development Of Brainstem Neurons and Synaptogenesismentioning

confidence: 84%

Neonatal maturation of the hypercapnic ventilatory response and central neural CO2 chemosensitivity

Putnam

Conrad

Gdovin

et al. 2005

Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology

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The ventilatory response to CO 2 changes as a function of neonatal development. In rats, a ventilatory response to CO 2 is present in the first 5 days of life, but this ventilatory response to CO 2 wanes and reaches its lowest point around postnatal day 8. Subsequently, the ventilatory response to CO 2 rises towards adult levels. Similar patterns in the ventilatory response to CO 2 are seen in some other species, although some animals do not exhibit all of these phases. Different developmental patterns of the ventilatory response to CO 2 may be related to the state of development of the animal at birth. The triphasic pattern of responsiveness (early decline, a nadir, and subsequent achievement of adult levels of responsiveness) may arise from the development of several processes, including central neural mechanisms, gas exchange, the neuromuscular junction, respiratory muscles and respiratory mechanics. We only discuss central neural mechanisms here, including altered CO 2 sensitivity of neurons among the various sites of central CO 2 chemosensitivity, changes in astrocytic function during development, the maturation of electrical and chemical synaptic mechanisms (both inhibitory and excitatory mechanisms) or changes in the integration of chemosensory information originating from peripheral and multiple central CO 2 chemosensory sites. Among these central processes, the maturation of synaptic mechanisms seems most important and the relative maturation of synaptic processes may also determine how plastic the response to CO 2 is at any particular age.

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“…Conversely, hypothalamic and other central neural inputs to the DVC undergo a significant amount of postnatal maturation, together with significant remodeling of local DVC networks (Kawai & Senba, 2000;Lachamp, Tell, & Kessler, 2002;Rao, Jean, & Kessler, 1997;Vincent & Tell, 1999). For example, the number of vesicle-containing axon terminals in the DVC more than doubles during the first 10 days postnatal (Miller, McKoon, Pinneau, & Silverstein, 1983). The volumetric fraction of DVC tissue occupied by synaptophysin, a component of synaptic vesicles, increases fivefold during the same developmental period (Lasiter & Kachele, 1989;Rao et al, 1997).…”

Section: Postnatal Emergence Of Hypothalamic Inputs To the Dvcmentioning

confidence: 97%

Ontogeny of hypothalamic-hindbrain feeding control circuits

Rinaman

2006

Dev. Psychobiol.

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Ingestive behavior is a complex product of distributed central control systems that respond to a diverse array of internal and external sensory stimuli. Relatively little is known regarding the pathways and mechanisms by which relevant signals are conveyed to the neural circuits that ultimately control ingestive motor output. This report summarizes findings regarding the postnatal development of descending hypothalamic inputs to the hindbrain dorsal vagal complex (DVC). Evidence accumulated primarily in rats indicates that descending neural projections from the hypothalamus to the DVC are both structurally and functionally immature at birth. The progressive postnatal maturation of these projections occurs in parallel with newly emerging physiological and behavioral responsiveness to treatments and stimuli that affect food intake in adults. Thus, the postnatal emergence of new feeding controls may reflect the emerging access of these controls to DVC neural circuits.

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Postnatal synaptic development of the Nucleus Tractus Solitarius (NTS) of the rat

Cited by 39 publications

References 54 publications

Cranial Visceral Afferent Pathways through the Nucleus of the Solitary Tract to Caudal Ventrolateral Medulla or Paraventricular Hypothalamus: Target-Specific Synaptic Reliability and Convergence Patterns

Cranial Visceral Afferent Pathways through the Nucleus of the Solitary Tract to Caudal Ventrolateral Medulla or Paraventricular Hypothalamus: Target-Specific Synaptic Reliability and Convergence Patterns

Neonatal maturation of the hypercapnic ventilatory response and central neural CO2 chemosensitivity

Ontogeny of hypothalamic-hindbrain feeding control circuits

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