Postnatal management of growth failure in children born small for gestational age

Cardoso-Demartini, Adriane; Boguszewski, Margaret Cristina da Silva; Alves, Crésio de Aragão Dantas

doi:10.1016/j.jpedp.2018.10.003

Cited by 5 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Small for gestational age infants are a major concern for pediatricians because these newborns not only have a high risk during the perinatal period but can also develop a series of problems during childhood and adulthood. Previous research studies have focused more on factors related to the occurrence of SGA ( Catov et al, 2008 ; Palatnik et al, 2016 ; Englund-Ogge et al, 2018 ; Li et al, 2018 ; Manangama et al, 2019 ), postnatal management ( Cardoso-Demartini et al, 2018 ; Visuthranukul et al, 2018 ), and health problems during growth ( Gur et al, 2018 ). However, the exact pathogenesis of SGA remains unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Maternal–Fetal Interface in Small-for-Gestational-Age Pregnancies Is Associated With a Reduced Quantity of Human Decidual NK Cells With Weaker Functional Ability

Lin

Yang

Feng

et al. 2020

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Small for gestational age (SGA) refers to a birth weight that is less than the 10th percentile of the mean weight of infants at the same gestational age. This condition is associated with a variety of complications, and a high risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in adulthood. Decidual natural killer (dNK) cells at the maternal-fetal interface have received significant research attention in terms of normal pregnancy or miscarriage; however, data relating to SGA are limited. In this study, we aimed to investigate the characteristics and regulatory role of dNK cells at the maternal-fetal interface in SGA. Using immunofluorescence assays, we found that dNK cells maintained close contact with extra-villous trophoblasts, and the proportion of dNK cells in SGA decreased more than in appropriate for gestational age (AGA). Flow cytometry also showed that there was a significantly lower percentage of dNK cells in SGA (25.01 ± 2.43%) than in AGA (34.25 ± 2.30%) (p = 0.0103). The expression of the inhibitory receptor NKG2A on dNK cells and the secretion levels of both perforin and TGF-β1 from dNK cells were significantly higher in SGA than in AGA, while the cytotoxicity of dNK cells in SGA against K562 cells was attenuated. Compared to AGA, the functional ability of dNK cells in SGA showed significant functional impairment in promoting proliferation, migration, invasion, and tube formation in trophoblast cells or vascular endothelial cells. The abnormal function of dNK cells may affect fetal growth and development, and could therefore participate in the pathogenesis of SGA.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Maternal–Fetal Interface in Small-for-Gestational-Age Pregnancies Is Associated With a Reduced Quantity of Human Decidual NK Cells With Weaker Functional Ability

Lin

Yang

Feng

et al. 2020

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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“…Esto puede ser ocasionado por alteraciones placentarias, fetales o maternas durante el embarazo. 1 Dentro de este grupo de niños, hay que distinguir aquellos que presentan peso, talla y perímetro cefálico en los mismos percentiles, o armónicos (origen endógeno), y aquellos en los que solo el peso está por debajo, o disarmónico (origen nutricional y en el tercer trimestre). Su prevalencia es de 1:30 nacidos vivos.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Su prevalencia es de 1:30 nacidos vivos. 1 La talla adulta media de los individuos con antecedente de PEG es -1 DE, suponiendo el 20-30 % de los individuos de baja estatura. 1,2 En el 80-90 % de PEG existe una recuperación posnatal de la talla, especialmente en los 2 primeros años de vida, 1,3 sobre todo en aquellos que son PEG asimétricos.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…1 La talla adulta media de los individuos con antecedente de PEG es -1 DE, suponiendo el 20-30 % de los individuos de baja estatura. 1,2 En el 80-90 % de PEG existe una recuperación posnatal de la talla, especialmente en los 2 primeros años de vida, 1,3 sobre todo en aquellos que son PEG asimétricos. 4 Esta recuperación es raro que se produzca más allá de los 3 años y en niños con extremado bajo peso al nacer.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…4 Esta recuperación es raro que se produzca más allá de los 3 años y en niños con extremado bajo peso al nacer. 1,5 Existe una prevalencia de 1:8000 casos de niños PEG que precisan tratamiento con hormona de crecimiento (GH), entre los que predomina el sexo masculino. 2 Esta prevalencia es mayor si son pretérmino, 3,6 sobre todo si son nacidos antes de las 34 semanas de edad gestacional.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Tratamiento con hormona de crecimiento en niños nacidos pequeños para la edad gestacional. Experiencia de un centro

2023

Arch Argent Pediat

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Introducción. Los pequeños para la edad gestacional (PEG) suelen tener una talla final 1 DE bajo la media. Se diferencian tres grupos según antropometría al nacimiento: de peso reducido (PRN), de longitud reducida (LRN) o ambos.Objetivos. Describir las características de los pacientes PEG atendidos en el Servicio de Endocrinología Pediátrica de un hospital de tercer nivel, y analizar la evolución de niños PEG sin crecimiento recuperador a los 4 años de edad, en tratamiento con hormona del crecimiento (GH), según su diagnóstico.

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Growth hormone treatment in small for gestational age children. Experience in one center

2023

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Introduction. Small for gestational age (SGA) children usually have a final height of 1 SD below the mean. Three groups are established based on anthropometric characteristics at birth: low birth weight (LBW), short birth length (SBL), or both.Objectives. To describe the characteristics of SGA patients seen at the Department of Pediatric Endocrinology of a tertiary care hospital and to analyze the course of SGA children without catch-up growth at 4 years of age who were receiving treatment with growth hormone (GH), according to their diagnosis.Methods. Retrospective study of SGA patients seen between 2004 and 2021.Results. A total of 89 SGA children were studied; 44/89 started treatment with GH (11/44 LBW, 8/44 SBL, and 25/44 both). Their mean age at diagnosis was 3.87 years; their mean height at treatment initiation was -2.99 SD in SGA children diagnosed by LBW, -2.85 SD in those with SBL, and -3.17 SD in those with both LBW and SBL. Their final height was -1.77, -1.52, and -1.23 SD, respectively, with a total gain of 1.22, 1.33, and 1.93 SD, respectively, thus reaching their target height with a difference of 0.36 ± 0.08 SD. Conclusion.Less than half of SGA children referred to the clinic required treatment with GH because they were not yet 4 years old or had not completed their catch-up growth. SGA patients according to birth weight and length had worse percentiles at diagnosis and a greater response to GH.

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Postnatal management of growth failure in children born small for gestational age

Cited by 5 publications

References 60 publications

The Maternal–Fetal Interface in Small-for-Gestational-Age Pregnancies Is Associated With a Reduced Quantity of Human Decidual NK Cells With Weaker Functional Ability

The Maternal–Fetal Interface in Small-for-Gestational-Age Pregnancies Is Associated With a Reduced Quantity of Human Decidual NK Cells With Weaker Functional Ability

Tratamiento con hormona de crecimiento en niños nacidos pequeños para la edad gestacional. Experiencia de un centro

Growth hormone treatment in small for gestational age children. Experience in one center

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