Postnatal development of hepatic xanthine oxidase in baby pigs and turnover of purine catabolites at reduced ambient temperature

Giesecke, D.; Heiss, Gregor; Erhardt, W.; Rosskopf, R.

doi:10.1016/0305-0491(92)90314-h

Cited by 2 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…XO in appreciable amounts in the liver and intestine only) (27,28). However, while newborn human infants have XO levels in the liver and intestine similar to adults (9), newborn pigs do not have XO in the intestine (28), and liver XO levels are low immediately after birth (29). Low levels of XO (2.5 pU/ml) have been detected in healthy newborn infants at birth (25), while in the present study XO was undetectable in all piglets before hypoxemia (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Release of xanthine oxidase to the systemic circulation during resuscitation from severe hypoxemia in newborn pigs

et al. 1995

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Xanthine oxidase may contribute to oxygen free radical formation during reoxygenation after hypoxia, but in humans the enzyme is present in substantial amounts only in the liver and intestine. We developed a sensitive assay for xanthine oxidase using 14C-xanthine as substrate and investigated whether xanthine oxidase was released into the systemic circulation when 19 newborn pigs were resuscitated after severe hypoxemia. In five piglets plasma xanthine oxidase concentrations increased from undetectable levels to a median value of 8 (range 4-18) microU/ml after 30 min of reoxygenation. In these pigs serum aspartate aminotransferase increased from 45 to 148 U/l, while alanine aminotransferase was unchanged (28-31 U/l). The release of xanthine oxidase did not seem to correlate with the severity of the histological brain damage after 4 days. We conclude that only low levels of xanthine oxidase are released to the systemic circulation after severe hypoxemia in newborn pigs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Release of xanthine oxidase to the systemic circulation during resuscitation from severe hypoxemia in newborn pigs

et al. 1995

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“…We speculated that the increased plasma levels of hypoxanthine and xanthine do not always relate to the increase in the plasma level of uric acid in pigs, because pigs have a uricase enzyme [2,7]. Thus, the plasma levels of allantoin, the end metabolite of the purine, is considered to be the most important for an evaluation of the uric acid metabolism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These diseases are ascribed to extraordinary activities of the enzymes, and they are manifested as uricemia, uricosuria and uric acid stones. There are a few studies dealing with xanthine oxidase and uricase in newborn piglets [7,8]. In swine, hypoxanthine and xanthine are metabolized to uric acid by xanthine oxidase, and the uric acid is metabolized to allantoin by uricase [2,5].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Acidosis [13], increased stress [13], the breakdown of nucleoproteins [7,10,12] and hypoxia of tissues [13,14,16] are important factors in the increases of plasma hypoxanthine and xanthine in human neonates. A newborn piglet may be subject to the same factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There have been several clinical investigations of this disease [6,8,17] since Madsen et al [11] made the first report of clinical cases in 1944. Although these studies have suggested, as predisposing factors for this disease, viral infection [6], a low level of uricase activity in the liver [7,11], colds [7], starvation [11] and an excess of purine metabolism [8], the determinable etiology has not been demonstrated. We previously investigated the incidence of the uric acid stones in the kidneys of the newborn piglets at necropsy [9], and found that 108 of 1,338 piglets died within 18 days of age and uric acid stones were present in 13.0% of the dead piglets mostly with low body weight.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Purine Metabolism of Uric Acid Urolithiasis Induced in Newborn Piglets.

Kakino

Sato

Naito

1998

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. To clarify the relationship between uric acid urolithiasis and purine catabolites in newborn piglets, the incidence of uric acid urolithiasis and the plasma concentrations of xanthine, hypoxanthine, uric acid and allantoin were examined in 32 piglets. The newborn piglets were divided into two groups: normal (over 1.2 kg, n=18, group N) and low body weight (below 0.9 kg, n=14, group L). The animals in both groups were given water (non-nutrition, n=11, treatment W), artificial milk (normal nutrition, n=12, treatment M), or a combination of water and allopurinol (prophylactic treatment for the urolithiasis, n=9, treatment A), during the first 60-hr of birth. At necropsy, the incidence of urolithiasis was higher in the piglets that received treatment W than those in the treatment M or A in both the N and L groups. In group L, the plasma xanthine, hypoxanthine and uric acid concentrations were markedly increased in the piglets that underwent treatment W compared with the treatment M. In both the N and L groups, the plasma allantoin concentration was higher in the treatment W piglets as compared with the treatment M piglets. These results suggested that the occurrence of uric acid urolithiasis in the newborn piglets is attributable to increased purine catabolites due to a starvational condition after birth. -KEY WORDS: purine catabolite, swine (newborn), uric acid urolithiasis.

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Postnatal development of hepatic xanthine oxidase in baby pigs and turnover of purine catabolites at reduced ambient temperature

Cited by 2 publications

References 14 publications

Release of xanthine oxidase to the systemic circulation during resuscitation from severe hypoxemia in newborn pigs

Release of xanthine oxidase to the systemic circulation during resuscitation from severe hypoxemia in newborn pigs

Purine Metabolism of Uric Acid Urolithiasis Induced in Newborn Piglets.

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