Postnatal development of circulating cholecystokinin and secretin, pancreatic growth, and exocrine function in guinea pigs

Joekel, Corey S.; Herrington, Margery K.; Vanderhoof, Jon A.; Adrian, Thomas E.

doi:10.1007/bf02795194

Cited by 19 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 35 publications

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“…Moreover, similarly to the human infant, most phases of gastrointestinal development occur in utero, and the alimentary tract does not undergo major changes in structure and function after birth (19). Because rapid pancreatic growth is observed during the neonatal period, the guinea pig has been indicated as the ideal model to study development of acinar cell function (20,21).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pancreatic Development in Newborn Guinea Pigs Fed Intact or Low‐Hydrolyzed Protein Formulas

Colombo¹,

Biffi²,

Agosti³

et al. 2005

J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pancreatic Development in Newborn Guinea Pigs Fed Intact or Low‐Hydrolyzed Protein Formulas

Colombo¹,

Biffi²,

Agosti³

et al. 2005

J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr.

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Effects of jejunoileal autotransplantation on gastrointestinal regulatory peptides

et al. 1994

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Plasma gastrointestinal hormones were measured before and during feeding in eight dogs, more than one year after total autotransplant of the entire jejunoileum, and in controls. At sacrifice, tissues were taken from the transplanted segment and intact bowel for measurement of hormone and enteric neuropeptide content. Gastrin levels were reduced in autotransplanted dogs (fasting 63% of control, incremental response 67% of control, both P < 0.05), reflecting the loss of acid inhibitory reflexes. Secretin and cholecystokinin responses were identical between the two groups. Postprandial levels of gastric inhibitory peptide (incremental response 175% of control, P < 0.005), insulin, and peptide YY (158% of control, P < 0.05) were elevated following denervation, the former suggesting more rapid gastric emptying while the latter may reflect malabsorption. The neurotensin meal response was obtunded by denervation (incremental response 43% of control, P < 0.05), providing evidence for a neural pathway for its release. Pancreatic polypeptide responses were identical between the groups, suggesting intact pancreatic innervation. Abnormal hormone secretion may contribute to the impaired fed motor responses seen following extrinsic denervation of the small bowel. In contrast, the neuropeptide content of the autotransplanted small intestine is normal, suggesting that extrinsic denervation has no long-term effects on peptide content of the enteric nervous system.

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Time course of adaptive regulatory peptide changes following massive small bowel resection in the dog

1996

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Basal and postprandial concentrations of gastrointestinal hormones were measured in 12 dogs before and at one and three months after a 75% small bowel resection. Five animals were studied again at six months. Concentrations of enteric hormones and neuropeptides, measured in the proximal jejunum and distal ileum adjacent to the anastomotic site at the time of euthanasia, were compared with concentrations in control tissues taken from each animal at the time of resection. Increased basal and postprandial levels of gastrin (P < 0.05), cholecystokinin (CCK, P < 0.05), glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP, P < 0.01), peptide YY (PYY, P < 0.001), and enteroglucagon (P < 0.001), were seen at one month after small bowel resection. In contrast, no significant changes were seen in concentrations of secretin, motilin, neurotensin, somatostatin, PP, or glucagon. Concentrations of enteroglucagon, GIP, and PYY remained high throughout the six-month study period. In contrast, gastrin and CCK had normalized by three months. Thus, only enteroglucagon, PYY, and GIP showed sustained elevations following enterectomy; the gastrin and CCK changes were transient. Following enterectomy, concentrations of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) were reduced by about 50% in mucosal (P < 0.001) and muscle (P < 0.05) layers of proximal and distal gut. In contrast, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) was increased by about twofold in jejunal and ileal mucosa (P < 0.05), and CGRP elevations were even more marked in the muscle layers (P < 0.001). Somatostatin and neuropeptide Y (NPY) concentrations were similar to controls in all areas except for a small decrease in NPY in ileal mucosa (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that the increased motilin and PP concentrations previously reported after bowel resection in man are more likely to reflect underlying inflammatory bowel disease rather than enterectomy. The normalization of hypergastrinemia explains why the increased acid secretion after small bowel resection is transient. These results provide evidence for independent secretory control of enteroglucagon and PYY, which are both products of intestinal L cells. In addition, these studies reveal marked changes in enteric neuropeptide concentrations following bowel resection. VIP, which is thought to be a major inhibitory transmitter in the gut, is markedly reduced, while CGRP, which is mainly localized in sensory afferent fibers, is increased. These major neuropeptide changes are likely to be of importance in the adaptive responses to massive small bowel resection.

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Postnatal development of circulating cholecystokinin and secretin, pancreatic growth, and exocrine function in guinea pigs

Cited by 19 publications

References 35 publications

Pancreatic Development in Newborn Guinea Pigs Fed Intact or Low‐Hydrolyzed Protein Formulas

Pancreatic Development in Newborn Guinea Pigs Fed Intact or Low‐Hydrolyzed Protein Formulas

Effects of jejunoileal autotransplantation on gastrointestinal regulatory peptides

Time course of adaptive regulatory peptide changes following massive small bowel resection in the dog

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