Postnatal depression and its comparison with the gender of newborn in fourth pregnancy

Gul, Mirrat; Bajwa, Saqib; Niaz, Saima; Haroon, Mariam; Liaqat, Saima; Ahmad, Mafia; Dawood, Sana; Ghazal, Fiza; Bhatti, Ali Abbass; Nazir, Sadia; Riffat, Syeda Rabia; Chaudhry, Haroon Rashid

doi:10.1080/17542863.2011.602543

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…A total of 53 primary studies [ 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 74 , 76 , 77 , 79 , 80 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 87 , 88 , 89 , 91 , 92 , 93 , 103 , 104 , 105 , 106 , 113 , 114 , 119 , 123 , 127 ] from 12 MENA countries (Bahrain, Egypt, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Morocco, Oman, Pakistan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Tunisia, and United Arab Emirates) reported data on risk factors. Data from low-income countries in the MENA re...…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A total of 53 primary studies 74,76,77,79,80,[82][83][84][85][87][88][89][91][92][93][103][104][105][106]113,114,119,123,127] from 12 MENA countries (Bahrain, Egypt, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Morocco, Oman, Pakistan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Tunisia, and United Arab Emirates) reported data on risk factors. Data from low-income countries in the MENA region, notably Sudan, Yemen, and Djibouti, are missing.…”

Section: Overview Of Primary Studies With Data On Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There was no consensus surrounding the association between education, employment, and financial situation and antepartum mental health. Postpartum mental health data was available from 43 studies [45,[47][48][49][51][52][53][54][56][57][58][59][62][63][64][65][66][67]69,71,72,74,79,80,[83][84][85][86]88,89,[91][92][93][103][104][105][106]113,114,119,123,127], and the SRs were uniform in concluding the positive association between spousal support and postpartum mental health. Education levels and financial stress were found to be negatively associated with postpartum mental health.…”

Section: Overview Of Primary Studies With Data On Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perinatal Mental Illness in the Middle East and North Africa Region—A Systematic Overview

Doraiswamy

Jithesh

Chaabane

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Aims: Perinatal mental illness (PMI) is associated with a high risk of maternal and infant morbidity. Recently, several systematic reviews and primary studies have explored the prevalence and risk factors of PMI in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. To our knowledge, there has been no critical analysis of the existing systematic reviews (SRs) on this topic in the MENA region. Our systematic overview primarily aimed to synthesize evidence from the published SRs on PMI in the MENA countries focusing on a) the prevalence of PMI and b) the risk factors associated with PMI. Methods: We conducted a systematic overview of the epidemiology of PMI in the Middle East and North Africa region by searching the PubMed, Embase, and PsycInfo databases for relevant publications between January 2008 and July 2019. In addition to searching the reference lists of the identified SRs for other relevant SRs and additional primary studies of relevance (those which primarily discussed the prevalence of PMI and/or risk and protective factors), between August and October 2019, we also searched Google Scholar for relevant studies. Results: After applying our inclusion and exclusion criteria, 15 systematic reviews (SRs) and 79 primary studies were included in our overview. Studies utilizing validated diagnostic tools report a PMI prevalence range from 5.6% in Morocco to 28% in Pakistan. On the other hand, studies utilizing screening tools to detect PMI report a prevalence range of 9.2% in Sudan to 85.6% in the United Arab Emirates. Wide variations were observed in studies reporting PMI risk factors. We regrouped the risk factors applying an evidence-based categorization scheme. Our study indicates that risk factors in the relational, psychological, and sociodemographic categories are the most studied in the region. Conversely, lifestyle-related risk factors were less studied. Conclusions: Our systematic overview identifies perinatal mental illness as an important public health issue in the region. Standardizing approaches for estimating, preventing, screening, and treating perinatal mental illness would be a step in the right direction for the region.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Overview Of Primary Studies With Data On Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Overview Of Primary Studies With Data On Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perinatal Mental Illness in the Middle East and North Africa Region—A Systematic Overview

Doraiswamy

Jithesh

Chaabane

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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“…Although some studies have reported a relationship between PND and the baby’s gender (e.g. Deng, Xiong, Jiang, Luo, & Chen, 2014; Gul, et al, 2013. ; Jain, Tyagi, Kaur, Puliyel, & Sreenivas, 2014), the current study has not found that relationship ( r = –.025 ns ) which is in line with Alharbi and Abdulghani’s study (2014) and Al-Modayfer’s et al (2015) in the central region of Saudi Arabia and other previous studies (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors for Postnatal Depression among Primipara Mothers

Alzahrani

2019

Span. J. Psychol.

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In recent years postnatal depression (PND) has become one of the most important public health issues because of its prevalence. Estimates for those affected by PND suggest a range of 10–15% of new mothers worldwide. In the context of Saudi society, attitudes toward this disorder are influenced by various beliefs, traditions, cultural factors, and values. These variables trigger considerable disparity in terms of frequency of symptoms. The symptoms of postnatal depression vary and can arise over a period of months, causing profound effects on mothers, also effecting mother-baby and broader familial relationships. The current study establishes the rate of occurrence and risk factors for PND in the western region of Saudi Arabia, to build on existing data. In total, 217 new Saudi mothers were recruited and data was collected using the Edinburgh Postnatal Scale (EPDS) in conjunction with a self-report questionnaire. Based on recommendations in previous studies, an EPND cut-off point of 13 ≥ was applied herein. Findings show the prevalence of PND, approximately 17.1% among the participants, and contributing factors included a previous history of depression, χ2 = 67.74, df = 1, p < .05, problems with the child’s health, χ2 = 31.42, df = 1, p < .05, issues with home support, χ2 = 43.47, df = 1, p < .05, and pregnancy complications, χ2 = 7.19, df = 1, p < .05. Meanwhile, no correlation was found between PND and the baby’s gender, delivery type, breastfeeding, mother’s age, or mother’s educational level. Additional studies are required to confirm these findings, and to identify other risk factors.

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“…In Goa, the risk of depression in mothers experiencing marital violence was higher if the child was a girl (Patel et al 2002). Mothers in Lahore, Pakistan, who had already given birth to three female children presented a higher mean depression score if the fourth child was female than if it was male (Gul et al 2011). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Infant gender and postpartum sadness in the light of region of birth and some other factors: a contribution to the knowledge of postpartum depression

Lagerberg

Magnusson

2012

Arch Womens Ment Health

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The purpose of this paper is to analyse postpartum depressive symptoms as related to baby gender, maternal region of birth, stress, perception of child difficult temperament and some demographic factors. The setting was 36 Swedish child health centres. Mothers of 1,848 19-month-old children completed a questionnaire, including an item about recall of postpartum sadness. A subsample of 360 answered the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Overall, significantly more mothers of boys than of girls recalled postpartum sadness. The same was found in mothers born in Sweden and in other regions, except for the Middle East (no significant result). Among those born in Sweden and in other regions, more mothers of boys than of girls scored ≥12 on the EPDS, except for Middle East mothers with the opposite pattern (no significant finding). More mothers of "difficult" boys than of "difficult" girls recalled postpartum sadness. Our findings are tentative but may inspire future research. Immigrant mothers in Sweden seem rather like the majority population, possibly with the exception of Middle East mothers. The significance of parents' knowledge of their child's gender in advance is an important area for research. Future parents could benefit from discussing gender expectations with a nurse or other professional.

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Postnatal depression and its comparison with the gender of newborn in fourth pregnancy

Cited by 6 publications

References 12 publications

Perinatal Mental Illness in the Middle East and North Africa Region—A Systematic Overview

Perinatal Mental Illness in the Middle East and North Africa Region—A Systematic Overview

Risk Factors for Postnatal Depression among Primipara Mothers

Infant gender and postpartum sadness in the light of region of birth and some other factors: a contribution to the knowledge of postpartum depression

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