Postnatal changes in cell body size and oxidative enzyme activity of spinal motoneurons innervating the rat tibialis anterior muscle

Ishihara, Akihiko; Tsuzimoto, Hisaya; Suzuki, Hiroyoshi; Kasuga, Norikatsu

doi:10.1016/0165-3806(94)90176-7

Cited by 3 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…This result is in agreement with the findings in our previous study (Ishihara et al, 1994). It is concluded that motoneurons innervating the rat muscle (the soleus muscle) or muscle region (the deep region of the tibialis anterior muscle) showing a higher percentage of slow-twitch fibers show the adult pattern of cell body size and oxidative enzyme activity at an earlier stage of postnatal growth, 7 weeks of age.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…1A) (Ishihara et al, , 1994. The motoneurons labeled with nuclear yellow were counted on the serial longitudinal sections.…”

Section: Tissue Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The volumes of the injected neuronal tracer, depending on the postnatal age and thus body weight, were 2.0, 4.0, 6.0, 8.0, 10.0, and 10.0 la t3 ,5 ,7 , 9, 11, and 13 weeks of age, respectively. The survival period of the rats from the injection of the fluorescent neuronal tracer to sacrifice was 1 day, irrespective of age (Ishihara et al, 1994).…”

Section: Labeling Of Motoneuronsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The motoneurons innervating the muscle were identified under a fluorescent microscope by the golden-yellow fluorescent nucleus with nuclear yellow (Fig. 1A) ( Ishihara et al, , 1994. The motoneurons labeled with nuclear yellow were counted on the serial longitudinal sections.…”

Section: Tissue Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our previous study (Ishihara et al, 1994) examined growth-related changes in cell body size and oxidative enzyme activity of motoneurons innervating the fast tibialis anterior muscle in rats. The present study, therefore, compared the growth-related changes in cell body size and oxidative enzyme activity of motoneurons innervating the slow soleus muscle with those innervating the fast tibialis anterior muscle (Ishihara et al, 1994), by a retrograde neuronal transport of the fluorescent tracer, nuclear yellow . In addition, we especially focused on the relationship between cell body size and oxidative enzyme activity of motoneurons, which may be maintained during postnatal growth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Growth‐related changes in cell body size and succinate dehydrogenase activity of spinal motoneurons innervating the rat soleus muscle

Ishihara

Kawano²,

Ishioka³

et al. 2003

Intl J of Devlp Neuroscience

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Cell body sizes and oxidative enzyme (succinate dehydrogenase) activities of spinal motoneurons innervating the soleus muscle were determined in rats ranging in postnatal age from 3 to 13 weeks. The soleus motoneurons were labeled by a retrograde neuronal tracer, nuclear yellow. The mean cell body sizes of motoneurons increased from 3 to 7 weeks of age, while the mean succinate dehydrogenase activities of motoneurons decreased from 3 to 7 weeks of age. There were no changes in mean cell body size or mean succinate dehydrogenase activity of motoneurons from 7 to 13 weeks of age. An inverse relationship between cell body size and succinate dehydrogenase activity of motoneurons was observed, irrespective of age. These results indicate that motoneurons innervating the rat soleus muscle show the adult pattern of cell body size and succinate dehydrogenase activity at an earlier stage of postnatal growth, 7 weeks of age.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…1A) (Ishihara et al, , 1994. The motoneurons labeled with nuclear yellow were counted on the serial longitudinal sections.…”

Section: Tissue Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Labeling Of Motoneuronsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tissue Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Growth‐related changes in cell body size and succinate dehydrogenase activity of spinal motoneurons innervating the rat soleus muscle

Ishihara

Kawano²,

Ishioka³

et al. 2003

Intl J of Devlp Neuroscience

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Variations in oxidative enzyme type profiles among prenatal rat lumbar motoneurons

Sheard

Oettli

Johnson

et al. 1997

Developmental Brain Research

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Massive Loss of Proprioceptive Ia Synapses in Rat Spinal Motoneurons after Nerve Crush Injuries in the Postnatal Period

Arbat-Plana

Bolívar²,

Navarro³

et al. 2023

eNeuro

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Peripheral nerve injuries (PNI) induce the retraction from the ventral horn of the synaptic collaterals of Ia afferents injured in the nerve, effectively removing Ia synapses from a-motoneurons. The loss of Ia input impairs functional recovery and could explain, in part, better recovery after PNIs with better Ia synaptic preservation. Synaptic losses correlate with injury severity, speed and efficiency of muscle reinnervation and requires ventral microglia activation. It is unknown whether this plasticity is age dependent. In neonates, axotomized motoneurons and sensory neurons undergo apoptosis, but after postnatal day 10 most survive. This goal was to analyze vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VGLUT1) labeled Ia synapses (which might also include II afferents) after nerve crush in 10 day old Sprague Dawley rats, a PNI causing little Ia/II synapse loss in adult. We confirmed fast and efficient reinnervation of leg muscles, however a massive number of VGLUT1/Ia/II synapses were permanently lost. This synapse loss was similar to that after more severe nerve injuries involving full transection in adults. In adults, disappearance of ventrally directed Ia/II collaterals targeting α-motoneurons was associated with a prolonged microglia reaction and a CCR2 mechanism that included infiltration of CCR2 blood immune cells. By contrast, microgliosis after p10 injuries was fast, resolved in about a week, and there was no evidence of peripheral immune cell infiltration. We conclude that VGLUT1/Ia/II synapse loss in young animals differs in mechanism, perhaps associated with higher microglia synaptic pruning activity at this age and results in larger losses after milder nerve injuries.Significance statementSynaptic plasticity in spinal motor circuits induced by nerve injuries can be rather permanent and hinder motor and sensory function recovery, even when experimental manipulations are designed for fast and efficient regeneration and target innervation. One input particularly affected is the Ia afferent synapse on α-motoneurons. The degree of loss of this input depends on injury severity and correlates with varying efficiencies while reinnervating peripheral targets. In here we demonstrate that the loss is also age dependent, being higher in the young. The enhanced synaptic pruning capabilities of microglia during critical windows of high synaptic plasticity at early age, might contribute to augment synaptic circuit reorganizations.

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Postnatal changes in cell body size and oxidative enzyme activity of spinal motoneurons innervating the rat tibialis anterior muscle

Cited by 3 publications

References 25 publications

Growth‐related changes in cell body size and succinate dehydrogenase activity of spinal motoneurons innervating the rat soleus muscle

Growth‐related changes in cell body size and succinate dehydrogenase activity of spinal motoneurons innervating the rat soleus muscle

Variations in oxidative enzyme type profiles among prenatal rat lumbar motoneurons

Massive Loss of Proprioceptive Ia Synapses in Rat Spinal Motoneurons after Nerve Crush Injuries in the Postnatal Period

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