Posthatching Development of Spinal Motoneurons in the Angelfish &lt;i&gt;Pterophyllum scalare&lt;/i&gt;

Yoshida, Masayuki; Fudoji, Masaomi; Sakamoto, Hirotaka; Uematsu, Kazumasa

doi:10.1159/000006593

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…The morphology and the location of the spinal motoneurons retrogradely labeled with HRP from the axial muscles in the larvae in the present experiment were consistent with the findings by Yoshida et al (1999). In addition, we found that the paired motoneurons tended to be labeled more intensely different posthatching stages including day 1 (6 and 18 hr after hatching), day 2, day 3, day 6, day 10, day 20 and adult, were examined electron microscopically.…”

Section: Hrp Labeling and Em Observation Of Motoneuronssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…To identify the ventral root containing the spinal motoneurons innervating the trunk muscles in the larvae at day 6 or younger stages, we retrogradely labeled the motoneurons with HRP according to the method of Yoshida et al (1999). After visualization of the HRP with DAB, the preparation was dehydrated and embedded in Quetol-812 resin.…”

Section: Retrograde Labeling Of Spinal Motoneurons With Hrpmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6A, 7A). In the angelfish, each motoneurons appear to possess a single axon that exits via a single VR (Yoshida et al 1999), and hence the number of axons running in the VR should correspond to the motoneuron number per hemisegment of the spinal cord. Thus, the number of primary motoneurons seems to be 15.…”

Section: Differentiation Of the Axial Musclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Developmental changes of the spinal motoneurons innervating the axial muscles in posthatching angelfish has been investigated by means of retrograde labeling with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) (Yoshida et al, 1999). They have shown that the axial muscle motoneurons are composed of two classes of cells; primary and secondary.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, the secondary motoneurons begin to be backfilled later. It has been suggested that in angelfish increase in number of axial muscle motoneurons cease within a few days after hatching (Yoshida et al, 1999). However, it is difficult to label all the motoneurons using the retrograde labeling method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of the Myotomal Neuromuscular System in Embryonic and Larval Angelfish, Pterophyllum scalare

et al. 1999

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To reveal the developmental sequence of the myotomal neuromuscular system in a teleost angelfish, Pterophyllum scalare, we investigated the differentiation and axonal outgrowth of the somatic spinal motoneurons as well as the differentiation of the axial muscles by means of anatomical and histochemical methods. Acetylcholinesterase histochemistry and retrograde labeling with HRP revealed two large motoneurons in each spinal hemisegment in the late embryos. To clarify the posthatching change of the motoneuron number, the number of axons in the anal-level ventral root was counted, since ChAT-immunohistochemical labeling of cholinergic spinal neurons and electron microscopic observation in the adult showed that the ventral roots around the anal level contained only somatic motor axons. We found that 15 primary motoneurons in each spinal hemisegment participated in the muscle innervation in just-hatched larvae. The motor axons rapidly increased in number beyond the adult level within three days posthatching, and then decreased to reach the adult level within a few weeks. The result suggests that competition among the motoneurons for their target muscles takes place. To reveal the temporal sequence of differentiation of the myotomal muscle fibers, in addition to electron microscopic observation of the muscle, a fluorescent mitochondrial marker dimethylaminostyrylethylpyridiniumiodine (DASPEI) was used to detect red muscle fibers. In the late embryo, immature white muscle fibers subserving the twitching movement of the animal in the egg capsule were observed. Differentiation of the red muscle was not evident until day 10. The present results show that a complete set of the axial muscle motoneurons differentiates before the differentiation of the multiple muscle fiber types in the angelfish.

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Section: Hrp Labeling and Em Observation Of Motoneuronssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Retrograde Labeling Of Spinal Motoneurons With Hrpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Differentiation Of the Axial Musclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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