Postharvest Pest Losses

Rajendran, S.

doi:10.1201/noe0824706326.ch302

Cited by 46 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…Chez les animaux, elles peuvent causer des effets néfastes sur le système immunitaire, la reproduction et la performance en général. Les dégâts occasionnés incluent la perte de poids, une diminution de la qualité du grain (Rajendran, 2002), et quelquefois une perte du pouvoir germinatif (Dabiré et al, 2008). L'activité métabolique des insectes crée un milieu favorable au développement des micro-organismes produisant des toxines à l'instar des champignons aflatoxinogènes du genre Aspergillus (Lamboni et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Perception des producteurs et impact des facteurs socio-économiques sur la connaissance des mycotoxines du maïs en stockage au Bénin

Ba¹,

Monteiro²,

Houngue³

et al. 2016

Int. J. Bio. Chem. Sci

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REMERCIEMENTS Les auteurs adressent leurs remerciements au Projet de Productivité Agricole en Afrique de l'Ouest (PPAAO) du Bénin pour avoir mis à leur disposition des moyens financiers pour la réalisation de la présente étude. RESUMEAu Bénin, plusieurs technologies sont utilisées pour la conservation du maïs. Ces technologies utilisées ne contrôlent pas toujours les pertes fongiques enregistrées. L'objectif de l'étude est d'évaluer l'impact des facteurs socio-économiques des producteurs sur les technologies de prévention des pertes fongiques et leur niveau de connaissance des mycotoxines du maïs en stockage. Pour ce faire, une enquête a été réalisée dans sept zones agro-écologiques du Bénin. Au total, sept technologies de stockages du maïs ont été inventoriées (de A à G). La technologie B est non seulement présente dans toutes les zones parcourues mais aussi, elle est fortement représentée dans les zones III, IV et VIII avec des proportions respectives de 51,33%; 62,86% et 69,83%. La population agricole ayant un niveau secondaire (27%) et les alphabétisés (15%) ont la chance de connaître les mycotoxines. Les enquêtés (100%) ne connaissent pas le danger lié à la consommation du maïs contaminé et n'ont jamais reçu une formation sur les mycotoxines. L'observation de la couleur verte (61% des enquêtés) et la couleur noire (28% des enquêtés) témoigne bien de la persistance des mycotoxines dans le maïs en stock au Bénin. © 2016 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved.Mots clés : Technologie, conservation, céréales, contamination, moisissures.R. BA et al. / Int. J. Biol. Chem. Sci. 10(1): 155-166, 2016 156 Perception of maize producers in Benin and impact of the socio-economic factors on the knowledge of the mycotoxins of maize in storage ABSTRACTIn Benin, various technologies are used for the conservation of the maize. Those technologies don't often control the recorded fungal losses. The objective of the study is to value the impact of the socioeconomic factors of producers on technologies of fungal loss prevention and their level of knowledge of mycotoxins of the maize in storage. A survey has been achieved in seven agro -ecological zones of Benin. Thus, a total of seven maize storage technologies were inventoried (A to G). The use of technology B is not only apparent in all the zones covered but it is also significantly used in zones III, IV and VIII in the respective proportions of 51.33%; 62.86% and 69.83%. The agricultural population, i.e. those with secondary education (27%) and the literates (15%) happen to have some knowledge about mycotoxins. People investigated (100%) do not have knowledge of the danger associated with the consumption of contaminated maize and have never received training on mycotoxins. The observation of a green colour (by 61% of respondents) and black colour (by 28% of respondents) is testimony to the persistence of mycotoxins in maize under storage in Benin.

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Section: Introductionunclassified

Perception des producteurs et impact des facteurs socio-économiques sur la connaissance des mycotoxines du maïs en stockage au Bénin

Ba¹,

Monteiro²,

Houngue³

et al. 2016

Int. J. Bio. Chem. Sci

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“…Cereal grain losses during storage could reach 50% of total harvest in some countries; a worldwide quality loss of grain is caused by insects (Fornal et al, 2007). Insects are a problem in stored grain throughout the world because they reduce the quantity and quality of grain (Rajendran, 2002;Warchalewski and Gralik, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eco-friendly tools for controlling of the rice weevil Sitophilus oryzea (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Mesbahm

Mahomed

S.Aajel

2018

Alexandria Science Exchange Journal

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Rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzea L.) has been reported as one of the primary post-harvest severe pests of cereal grains and their products. The pest prefers soft varieties of wheat grains. The current investigation aimed to assay ecofriendly tools for control the rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzea). The insecticidal activities of the botanicals and certain mineral fine dusts were measured based on their effect on adult mortality of the rice weevil S. oryzea. Certain selected parts of different fresh plants were used for the present investigation i.e. camphor, marjoram, conocarpus, black pepper, orange peel, Brazilian pepper, coal ash and sulfur. All the tested plant materials showed significant insecticidal activity against the rice weevils, but black pepper was the efficient one showing the least LC50 and LT50 values estimated by 0.003 g / 50g grain in 1.12 day. Among evaluated admixtures, binary combinations of black pepper + coal ash, black pepper + sulfur, and black pepper + orange peel, were the most potent ones. Our study suggests that botanicals and mineral fine dusts in binary mixtures may enhance the potency of constituent components for effective control of the rice weevils (S. oryzea). the datasuggests future trust for use of plant products and mineral fine dusts as a bio control for integrated controlling rice weevil S. oryzae control

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“…Annually, million tons of strategic stored products such as cereals, nuts, grains and processed foods are ruined in developing countries, making existing economic problems more complex (Rharrabe et al ., ; Amorim et al ., ; Saeidi & Hassanpour, ). Among more than 500 beetle and moth pest species (Rajendran, ), the Indianmeal moth (IMM) Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) is the most detrimental pest, and causes a major part of the damage to stored food (Mohandass et al ., ). Its larvae attack stored products and spin silken filaments during crawling, therefore sticking food particles together and destroying them (Simmons & Nelson, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical characterization and structural analysis of trypsin from Plodia interpunctella midgut: implication of determinants in extremely alkaline pH activity profile

et al. 2017

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In the present study, trypsin from Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) is characterized to discover sequence, biochemical and structural features. This enzyme is purified by ion exchange chromatography using fast protein liquid chromatography on proteins from fifth‐instar larvae. The enzyme is optimally active at 50 °C and pH 11.0. The kinetic parameters (Km and Vmax) of the enzyme are 5.3 ± 0.6 µm and 31 ± 1.3 nmol min−1 mg−1, respectively (using Nα‐benzoyl‐l‐arginine ρ‐nitroanilide hydrochloride as substrate). The enzyme is inhibited by the addition of Cu2+ and Mn2+, whereas it is activated by Li+ at high concentrations. Moreover, the enzyme is almost completely inhibited in the presence of Nα‐tosyl‐l‐lysine chloromethyl ketone hydrochloride and phenylmethanesulphonyl fluoride. To understand some characteristics of P. interpunctella trypsin, including active site structure and alkaline pH profile, a reliable structural model of P. interpunctella trypsin is built based on the Fusarium oxisporum (Schlecht) trypsin cystal structure (Protein Data Bank code: 1GDU). The secondary structure content of the purified trypsin from near‐ultraviolet circular dichroism data shows considerable similarities with that of P. interpunctella trypsin predicted structure. Analysis of pKa values of active site residues, a type of amino acid residue in the active site cleft and the surface charges of the model and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) trypsin structure as an insect species from different orders reveals some differences between them. These differences might effect on the microenvironment of the active site cleft and consequently shift its pH profile. The application of multiple theoretical and experimental techniques is well adapted to predict the enzyme structure with high accuracy and this could help in the design of a powerful inhibitor for trypsin with ideal properties.

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Postharvest Pest Losses

Cited by 46 publications

References 1 publication

Perception des producteurs et impact des facteurs socio-économiques sur la connaissance des mycotoxines du maïs en stockage au Bénin

Perception des producteurs et impact des facteurs socio-économiques sur la connaissance des mycotoxines du maïs en stockage au Bénin

Eco-friendly tools for controlling of the rice weevil Sitophilus oryzea (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Biochemical characterization and structural analysis of trypsin from Plodia interpunctella midgut: implication of determinants in extremely alkaline pH activity profile

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