Postgraduate medical education in South Asia

Mendis, L; Adkoli, B. V.; Adhikari, Ram Chandra; Huq, M Muzaherul; Qureshi, A.A.

doi:10.1136/bmj.328.7443.779

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…In Asian countries, the medical education system shows marked diversity depending on the social, cultural and educational methods. Few Asian countries are trying to enhance research in medical education 3,11…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress and prospects of medical education research in Asian Countries

et al. 2019

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Background and Objectives: Medical education has a profound impact on health care system. Progress in achieving medical education research goals varies over time and across countries. This study aimed to investigate the medical education research ambience in Asia during the period 1965-2015. Methods: We investigated the bibliometric indicators of 49 Asian states in medical education research from 1965-2015. The data about Asian countries, their per capita GDP, expenditure on R&D, universities and indexed scientific journals were collected. We recorded medical education related research documents published in Institute of Scientific Information (ISI) Web of Science, Thomson Reuters during the period 1965-2015. Results: Asian countries collectively published 12721799 research articles, among them 40628 (0.31%) publications were in medical education. China contributed total of 3351565 articles among which 5414 (0.16%) research articles were in medical education; India added 1328725 papers with 4563 (0.34%) in medical education; Japan produced 3080257 papers with 4199 (0.13%) in medical education; Israel 561531 with 3848 (0.68%) in medical education; and lastly, Georgia contributed a total of 296532 research articles with 2565 (0.86%) in medical education. Conclusions: In Asia, the top five countries in medical education research are China, Georgia, Israel, Japan and India. The countries at low ranking are Yemen, Palestine, Myanmar, Kazakhstan, Syria and Armenia. In Asian states, the overall performance in medical science research needs policies to enhance its impact globally. Medical universities should offer research programs for learning and understanding the challengeable issues in medical education research. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.1147 How to cite this:Meo SA, Sattar K, Habib-Ullah C, Alnassar S, Hajjar W, Usmani AM. Progress and prospects of medical education research in Asian Countries. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(6):1475-1481. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.1147 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress and prospects of medical education research in Asian Countries

et al. 2019

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“…We have thus the opportunity and challenge; the opportunity of curing many hitherto untreatable conditions, and the challenge of deploying a large number of skilled eye health personnel and technology. The medical teaching in India is mostly “in-person” model in which the “apprentice” learns from the “master.”[12] The teaching is both teacher- and institute-dependent; this results in a large variation in training even though a broad framework for training is available. A standardized curriculum with comparable outputs or a board certification is now available for some post-residency fellowship programs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ophthalmology residency training in India: Comparing feedback about how the training equips ophthalmologists to combat retinal diseases. READS report #6

Gogate

Biswas²,

Das

et al. 2019

Indian J Ophthalmol

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Purpose:To document whether the residency training in management of retinal diseases has improved in 2000s to meet the increasing demand of retina care in India.Methods:A survey, using a prevalidated questionnaire, was conducted by Academic and Research Committee (ARC) of the All India Ophthalmological Society (AIOS) in 2014–2016 among ophthalmologists to document teaching of retina-related clinical and surgical skills in the postgraduate residency program.Results:The 144-item questionnaire was mailed to 4512 practicing ophthalmologists with residency training in two different periods, between 1967 and 2000 (group 1; 20th-century trained) and between 2003 and 2012 (group 2; 21st-century trained). Response was received from 320 (19.1%) of group 1 ophthalmologists and 531 (18.7%) of group 2 ophthalmologists. The average age was 49.2 ± 8.7 and 32.6 ± 4 years, respectively. Group 2 residents had received superior training in indirect ophthalmoscopy, slit lamp biomicroscopy using + 78 and + 90D lens, optical coherence tomography, fundus photography, and fluorescein angiography (all P < 0.001), but there was large variation between the training institutions. The residents were not taught vitreous and retinal detachment surgeries in either period of training.Conclusion:Teaching of retina-related clinical skills have improved in Indian residency program, but there are variations across programs. This information might help redesign the ophthalmology residency programs to meet the demands of comprehensive eye care and universal health coverage of increasing retinal diseases in India.

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“…They are expected to learn by observing and following their teachers as it was in the ancient 'Gurukul' times. [ 26 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residency Evaluation and Adherence Design Study III: Ophthalmology residency training in India: Then and now–Improving with time?

Biswas

Gogate²,

Maskati

et al. 2018

Indian J Ophthalmol

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Purpose:To gauge the differences in ophthalmology residency training, academic, clinical and surgical, in the last three decades of the 20th century and the first decade of the 21st century.Methods:A survey was conducted by the Academic and Research Committee of the All India Ophthalmological Society, in 2014–2016, using a prevalidated questionnaire, which was circulated to ophthalmologists to gauge the practicality of the teaching protocols of clinical and surgical skills during postgraduate residency program.Results:Of the 1005 respondents, 320 ophthalmologists who completed residency between 1967 and 2002 (20th century trained) and 531 who completed a residency in 2003–2012 (21st century trained) fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The average age was 49.2 years (standard deviation [SD] 4) and 32.6 years (SD 4), respectively. Twenty-first century trained ophthalmologists rated their training significantly better than the 20th century trained ophthalmologists for slit lamp examination (P = 0.001), indirect ophthalmoscopy, gonioscopy, automated perimetry, optical coherence tomography, and fundus photography (all having P < 0.001), while the 20th century trained rated their teaching of refraction, synoptophore, diplopia charting better (all P < 0.001). The range of grading was 0–10 in all categories. The median number of surgeries performed independently by 20th century and 21st century trained (during their training period) were: intracapsular cataract extraction (ICCE) 10, 0; extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) 43, 18; small incision cataract surgery (SICS) 5, 55; phacoemulsification (Phaco) 0, 1; pterygium excision 20, 15; dacryocystectomy 11, 4; dacryocystorhinostomy 11, 2; chalazion 35, 30; trabeculectomies 5, 0; strabismus correction 0, 0; vitrectomy 0, 0; keratoplasty 0, 0; eyelid surgery 6, 2; and ocular emergencies 18, 20.Conclusion:Teaching of many clinical skills had improved over decades. Cataract surgery training has shifted from ICCE and ECCE to SICS and Phaco, but other surgeries were still taught sparingly. There was an enormous variation across the country in residency training which needs immediate attention.

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Postgraduate medical education in South Asia

Cited by 15 publications

References 1 publication

Progress and prospects of medical education research in Asian Countries

Progress and prospects of medical education research in Asian Countries

Ophthalmology residency training in India: Comparing feedback about how the training equips ophthalmologists to combat retinal diseases. READS report #6

Residency Evaluation and Adherence Design Study III: Ophthalmology residency training in India: Then and now–Improving with time?

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