“…This general approach has been applied to different vertebrate organisms including mammals (Melnick and Hoelzer, 1992;Baker et al, 1998;Seielstad et al, 1998;Pérez-Lezaun et al, 1999;Mesa et al, 2000;Escorza-Trevino and Dizon, 2000), birds (Guttierez, 1994;Gibbs et al, 2000;Piertney et al, 2000), reptiles (Karl et al, 1992;FitzSimmons et al, 1997;Rassmann et al, 1997) and fishes (Ferguson et al, 1993;Taylor et al, 1997;Patton et al, 1997). These different studies have employed several kinds of uni-parentally inherited markers (eg mtDNA, Ylinked markers).…”