Postfunctionalism reversed: solidarity and rebordering during the COVID-19 pandemic

Genschel, Philipp; Jachtenfuchs, Markus

doi:10.1080/13501763.2021.1881588

Cited by 70 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The contributions to this collection do not represent a selection of comparative cases designed to test the analytical framework, but explore a variety of EU bordering issues, actors and processes at different levels: the migration (Kriesi et al, 2021) and Corona pandemic crises (Genschel & Jachtenfuchs, 2021), the preferences of EU citizens in response to the migration crisis (Lutz & Karstens, 2021) and of populist parties on EU defence policy (Henke & Maher 2021), parliamentary discourses on enlargement (Bélanger & Schimmelfennig, 2021), EU regulatory agencies (Lavenex et al, 2021), and EU collective action on defence, migration and the neighbourhood policy (Eilstrup-Sangiovanni, 2021).…”

Section: Contributions and Findings: A Previewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effectiveness of national policies and external rebordering in bringing down the number of asylum-seekers and thus overcoming the exogenous shock marks the major difference to the Corona crisis, in which defensive integration was insufficient to cope with the economic hardships, disparities and interdependencies of the member states. This situation paved the way for an unprecedented step of supranational fiscal capacity building and sharing (Genschel & Jachtenfuchs, 2021). When it comes to capacity building for external integration, however, such as joint defence or intervention forces and physical border protection, Eilstrup-Sangiovanni (2021) regards the formidable collective action problems resulting from the public goods properties of these policies as a major obstacle.…”

Section: Contributions and Findings: A Previewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rebordering Europe: external boundaries and integration in the European Union

Schimmelfennig

2021

Journal of European Public Policy

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The crises of the European Union and the geopolitical shifts in its international environment have generated a backlash against the post-Cold War 'debordering' of European integration. Whereas integration theories focus almost exclusively on the EU's internal boundaries and developments, this framework paper conceptualizes and theorizes integration as a process of internal debordering and external rebordering. It sketches the history of European integration in a bordering perspective and proposes general assumptions about the EU's bordering process. Accordingly, rebordering pressures result from widening boundary gaps at the EU's external borders, exogenous shocks to cross-border transactions, growing community deficits of debordering, and their politicization. Whether external rebordering succeeds and how it interacts with internal boundary formation, depends on EU-level boundary negotiations and the relative costs and benefits of external vs. internal rebordering.

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Section: Contributions and Findings: A Previewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Contributions and Findings: A Previewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rebordering Europe: external boundaries and integration in the European Union

Schimmelfennig

2021

Journal of European Public Policy

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“…In October that year, Hungary erected a fence along its borders with Croatia and Serbia. Other Schengen countries like Austria, France, Sweden and Denmark also reintroduced domestic border controls (Genschel & Jachtenfuchs, 2021;Kriesi et al, 2021). These closures not only represented a departure from the Schengen regime but, in the case of the Nordic countries, reversed a principle of free movement dating back to the Nordic Passport Union of 1958.…”

Section: Migration and Refugee Protectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While this secures some buy in, too few countries perceive a direct interest in contributing to give these policies teeth. Thus, while some observers point to growing EU investment in external bordering and suggest that internal border-closures have impelled a move to 'more Fortress Europe' (Genschel & Jachtenfuchs, 2021;Kriesi et al, 2021), the persistent weakness of EU border agencies and the chronic underfunding of European Neighbourhood Policies are strong indicators of the collective action problems hindering effective external bordering.…”

Section: Eu Neighbourhood Policymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Starting in the 2000s, and escalating in the wake of the 2015 refugee crisis, such pressures have led several member states to renege on the principle of freedom of movement by reinstating national border controls, citing threats from illegal migration and terrorism (Kriesi et al, 2021). More recently, the Covid-19 crisis ignited a new wave of internal border controls (or led to the extension of temporary controls already in place) as the Schengen regime was once again suspended (Genschel & Jachtenfuchs, 2021;Kriesi et al, 2021). While technically permitted under Schengen rules, the reinstatement of internal border controls in response to Covid-19 fuelled existing tensions regarding free movement (Montaldo, 2020) and highlighted a lack of faith in the Commission's proposed collective response to the pandemic.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Re-bordering Europe? Collective action barriers to ‘Fortress Europe’

Eilstrup-Sangiovanni

2021

Journal of European Public Policy

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This article discusses the collective action problems associated with different kinds of joint external bordering and highlights specific aspects of the European Union which I argue make it particularly ineffective at supplying (many) forms of external bordering. Applying this framework to the EU's Common Security and Defence Policy, European Immigration Policy, and European Neighbourhood Policy, I explain why each of these areas is subject to chronic under-provision. I conclude that a 'Fortress Europe' is unlikely to materialize, giving rise instead to national re-bordering as a reaction to growing pressures on the Union's internal and external borders.

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The migratory impact of COVID‐19: The role of time and distances in the migration decisions of Hungarians during the COVID‐19 pandemic

Zöldi,

Ligeti,

Csányi

2024

Population Space and Place

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Despite obvious consequences of pandemics on human mobility, attempts to quantify the migratory impact of COVID‐19 remained scarce, largely due to a general lack of data necessary for such assessments. The guiding principle of this paper is that common statistical definitions of migration—linked to usual residences—fail to capture a considerable share of the fast‐changing and diverse universe of cross‐border movements, which characterized the years of the pandemic. In this study, panels of short‐ and longer‐term movements were created, and hybrid (machine learning‐supported) interrupted time series analyses were performed on the basis of pre‐pandemic monthly migration flows data to quantify the impact of COVID‐19 on international migration. Social insurance data up to 2019 was used to estimate counterfactual emigration and return flows of Hungarians for 2020 and 2021 and compared with actual migration data a posteriori. Beyond the durations of staying abroad, we sought to look at how COVID‐related impacts on migration differ by destinations. In accordance with the results, 25% of expected emigrations in cumulative terms had not taken place due to the pandemic if only long‐term migrations are considered. This share is 22% when a more flexible conceptualization of geographic mobilities is applied. Behind this relatively small difference, however, there are large variations by destinations. Although similar cumulative impact cannot be detected in case of return migrations, the outbreak of the coronavirus resulted in an unprecedented wave of backwards mobilities, the impact of which however was fading away by the end of the 2‐years period.

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Postfunctionalism reversed: solidarity and rebordering during the COVID-19 pandemic

Cited by 70 publications

References 22 publications

Rebordering Europe: external boundaries and integration in the European Union

Rebordering Europe: external boundaries and integration in the European Union

Re-bordering Europe? Collective action barriers to ‘Fortress Europe’

The migratory impact of COVID‐19: The role of time and distances in the migration decisions of Hungarians during the COVID‐19 pandemic

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