Postexposure feeding depression: A new toxicity endpoint for use in laboratory studies with <i>Daphnia magna</i>

McWilliam, Ruth A.; Baird, Donald J.

doi:10.1002/etc.5620210612

Cited by 131 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…This fits in a consistent pattern as for several other toxicants, such as metals and pesticides, EC 50 values for feeding inhibition were 5–130 times lower than LC 50 values (Gliwicz and Sieniawska 1986; Hartgers et al 1999; McWilliam and Baird 2002). Since acute studies might provide a good indication of population level effects using an extrapolation factor of 10 between the LC 50 and the NOEC (Roex et al 2000), extrapolation would yield a chronic Daphnia population level NOEC of 2.6 μl FFD-6 l −1 , which is about 1.5 mg FFD-6 l −1 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Effects of an anionic surfactant (FFD-6) on the energy and information flow between a primary producer (Scenedesmus obliquus) and a consumer (Daphnia magna)

2011

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The effects of a commercially available anionic surfactant solution (FFD-6) on growth and morphology of a common green alga (Scenedesmus obliquus) and on survival and clearance rates of the water flea Daphnia magna were studied. The surfactant-solution elicited a morphological response (formation of colonies) in Scenedesmus at concentrations of 10–100 μl l−1 that were far below the No Observed Effect Concentration (NOEC) value of 1,000 μl l−1 for growth inhibition. The NOEC-value of FFD-6 for colony-induction was 3 μl l−1. Daphnia survival was strongly affected by FFD-6, yielding LC50–24h and LC50–48h of 148 and 26 μl l−1, respectively. In addition, clearance rates of Daphnia feeding on unicellular Scenedesmus were inhibited by FFD-6, yielding a 50% inhibition (EC50–1.5h) at 5.2 μl l−1 with a NOEC of 0.5 μl l−1. When Daphnia were offered FFD-6-induced food in which eight-celled colonies (43 × 29 μm) were most abundant, clearance rates (~0.14 ml ind.−1 h−1) were only 25% the rates of animals that were offered non-induced unicellular (15 × 5 μm) Scenedesmus (~0.56 ml ind.−1 h−1). As FFD-6 concentrations in the treated food used in the experiments were far below the NOEC for clearance rate inhibition, it is concluded that the feeding rate depression was caused by the altered morphology of the Scenedesmus moving them out of the feeding window of the daphnids. The surfactant evoked a response in Scenedesmus that is similar to the natural chemically induced defensive reaction against grazers and could disrupt the natural information conveyance between these plankton organisms.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Effects of an anionic surfactant (FFD-6) on the energy and information flow between a primary producer (Scenedesmus obliquus) and a consumer (Daphnia magna)

2011

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“…To derive a good and conservative proxy for population sustainability, another sublethal end point such as postexposure feeding inhibition should be considered for short-term testing (McWilliam and Baird 2002; Satapornvanit et al 2009). If a specimen is not able to feed within a given time period, e.g., 24 h after the end of a short-term exposure, it is rather unlikely that it is able to contribute to the population’s sustainability.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability in the Dynamics of Mortality and Immobility Responses of Freshwater Arthropods Exposed to Chlorpyrifos

Rubach

Crum

Brink

2010

Arch Environ Contam Toxicol

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The species sensitivity distribution (SSD) concept is an important probabilistic tool for environmental risk assessment (ERA) and accounts for differences in species sensitivity to different chemicals. The SSD model assumes that the sensitivity of the species included is randomly distributed. If this assumption is violated, indicator values, such as the 50% hazardous concentration, can potentially change dramatically. Fundamental research, however, has discovered and described specific mechanisms and factors influencing toxicity and sensitivity for several model species and chemical combinations. Further knowledge on how these mechanisms and factors relate to toxicologic standard end points would be beneficial for ERA. For instance, little is known about how the processes of toxicity relate to the dynamics of standard toxicity end points and how these may vary across species. In this article, we discuss the relevance of immobilization and mortality as end points for effects of the organophosphate insecticide chlorpyrifos on 14 freshwater arthropods in the context of ERA. For this, we compared the differences in response dynamics during 96 h of exposure with the two end points across species using dose response models and SSDs. The investigated freshwater arthropods vary less in their immobility than in their mortality response. However, differences in observed immobility and mortality were surprisingly large for some species even after 96 h of exposure. As expected immobility was consistently the more sensitive end point and less variable across the tested species and may therefore be considered as the relevant end point for population of SSDs and ERA, although an immobile animal may still potentially recover. This is even more relevant because an immobile animal is unlikely to survive for long periods under field conditions. This and other such considerations relevant to the decision-making process for a particular end point are discussed.

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“…Over the past few decades, trace levels of metals have received much attention (Jing et al 2006), because they generate negative biological effects on aquatic organisms, such as algae grazers and subsequently alter water quality. Such “sublethal” effects include changes in reproduction (Bodar et al 1988a; Wang et al 2009; Kim et al 2017), somatic growth rate (Chandini 1989; Koivisto et al 1992; De Schamphelaere and Janssen 2004a), feeding rate (Ferrando and Andreu 1993; MacWilliam and Baird 2002; De Schamphelaere et al 2007), and respiration and metabolism (Dave 1984; Bodar et al 1988b; Khangarot and Rathore 2003). …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Chronic Effects of Copper and Cadmium on Life History Traits Across Cladocera Species: A Meta-analysis

Sadeq

Beckerman

2018

Arch Environ Contam Toxicol

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The effect of sublethal concentrations of heavy metals on cladoceran growth and reproduction is a cornerstone of modern ecotoxicology. However, the literature contains assays across numerous concentrations, on numerous species and genotypes, and conditions are far from consistent. We undertook a systematic review of the sublethal effects of copper and cadmium concentrations on Cladocera spp. life history (reproduction, maturation age, and somatic growth rate). Using meta-analysis, we tested the hypothesis that the effects of increasing Cu and Cd concentrations on traits may vary by species. We also evaluated where possible whether the effect of metal concentrations on traits vary by water hardness, exposure duration, or whether the metals were delivered in aqueous solution or via food. We surveyed > 200 papers, resulting in a set of 32 experimental studies representing 446 trials where the results were presented compared with Daphnia magna-the most commonly assayed species. We found qualitatively similar effects of Cu and Cd on life history traits that included reduction in reproduction and somatic growth rate and delay of maturation. Cladocera species showed marked variations in their susceptibility to metals, and D. magna was found to be the least sensitive species to sublethal changes in reproduction. The effects were largely consistent for aqueous vs. dietary food. Water hardness, where data were available, had no detectable effect. Available data indicate that exposure duration had no effect on the toxicity of Cu but did for D. magna reproductive response to Cd. Our study highlights the importance of including species identity when considering toxicological testing and regulation development.

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Postexposure feeding depression: A new toxicity endpoint for use in laboratory studies with Daphnia magna

Cited by 131 publications

References 41 publications

Effects of an anionic surfactant (FFD-6) on the energy and information flow between a primary producer (Scenedesmus obliquus) and a consumer (Daphnia magna)

Effects of an anionic surfactant (FFD-6) on the energy and information flow between a primary producer (Scenedesmus obliquus) and a consumer (Daphnia magna)

Variability in the Dynamics of Mortality and Immobility Responses of Freshwater Arthropods Exposed to Chlorpyrifos

The Chronic Effects of Copper and Cadmium on Life History Traits Across Cladocera Species: A Meta-analysis

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