“…In cases of acute abdominal pain in which compromised enteric absorption is suspected, intravenous analgesic administration should be achieved in order to bypass the gastrointestinal system and attain rapid onset of effect (Feifel, 1985;Stork and Hofmann-Kiefer, 2009). Alternative parenteral administration routes, such as intramuscular injection, should be avoided given the potential risks of neural and vascular injury, but may be necessary for prompt pain relief if intravenous access cannot be obtained (Greenblatt and Koch-Weser, 1976;Müller-Vahl, 1983;Tong and Haig, 2000; Deutsche Interdisziplinäre Vereinigung für Schmerztherapie (DIVS) et al, 2008).…”