Posterior Circulation Stroke: Animal Models and Mechanism of Disease

Lekic, Tim; Ani, Chizobam

doi:10.1155/2012/587590

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 107 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The slow intraventricular bleeding rate in the collagenase-induced rat neonatal brain bleed model had fewer confounding factors like related trauma, infarction, rapidly increased intracerebral pressure (ICP), as compared to models using rapid intraventricular infusions of relatively large blood volumes [84, 95, 335, 388]. Fortunately, rodent neurobehavioral and histopathological responses to brain injuries are well documented [397-401]; in addition to rodent models being less labor intensive, expensive, and having a much lower mortality rate, with survival into adulthood, compared with models using rabbits, piglets, or beagles [84, 234, 379, 388, 402]. …”

Section: Animal Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neonatal Brain Hemorrhage (NBH) of Prematurity: Translational Mechanisms of the Vascular-Neural Network

Lekic¹,

Klebe²,

Poblete³

et al. 2015

CMC

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Neonatal brain hemorrhage (NBH) of prematurity is an unfortunate consequence of preterm birth. Complications result in shunt dependence and long-term structural changes such as post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus, periventricular leukomalacia, gliosis, and neurological dysfunction. Several animal models are available to study this condition, and many basic mechanisms, etiological factors, and outcome consequences, are becoming understood. NBH is an important clinical condition, of which treatment may potentially circumvent shunt complication, and improve functional recovery (cerebral palsy, and cognitive impairments). This review highlights key pathophysiological findings of the neonatal vascular-neural network in the context of molecular mechanisms targeting the post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus affecting this vulnerable infant population.

show abstract

Section: Animal Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neonatal Brain Hemorrhage (NBH) of Prematurity: Translational Mechanisms of the Vascular-Neural Network

Lekic¹,

Klebe²,

Poblete³

et al. 2015

CMC

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…9 The territory of the posterior circulation is affected by occlusions in about 20% of all ischemic strokes 10 and transient ischemic attacks. 8 An important clinical aspect regarding the posterior circulation is its flow plasticity, which allows bidirectional flow through the numerous collaterals of this vessel network 9 , rendering the clinical symptoms highly diverse. 11 Despite its rarity (under 5% of all cases) and the recent therapeutic advances, acute flow impairment in the BA territory has still devastating consequences for the patients, with calculated 80%-90% mortality or disability rates, 12,13 and as yet there are no clear evidence-based therapeutic guidelines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aging-related alterations in eNOS and nNOS responsiveness and smooth muscle reactivity of murine basilar arteries are modulated by apocynin and phosphorylation of myosin phosphatase targeting subunit-1

Lubomirov

Papadopoulos

Pütz

et al. 2016

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aging causes major alterations of all components of the neurovascular unit and compromises brain blood supply. Here, we tested how aging affects vascular reactivity in basilar arteries from young (<10 weeks; y-BA), old (>22 months; o-BA) and old (>22 months) heterozygous MYPT1-T-696A/+ knock-in mice. In isometrically mounted o-BA, media thickness was increased by ∼10% while the passive length tension relations were not altered. Endothelial denudation or pan-NOS inhibition (100 µmol/L L-NAME) increased the basal tone by 11% in y-BA and 23% in o-BA, while inhibition of nNOS (1 µmol/L L-NPA) induced ∼10% increase in both ages. eNOS expression was ∼2-fold higher in o-BA. In o-BA, U46619-induced force was augmented (pEC ∼6.9 vs. pEC ∼6.5) while responsiveness to DEA-NONOate, electrical field stimulation or nicotine was decreased. Basal phosphorylation of MLC-S19 and MYPT1-T-853 was higher in o-BA and was reversed by apocynin. Furthermore, permeabilized o-BA showed enhanced Ca-sensitivity. Old T-696A/+ BA displayed a reduced phosphorylation of MYPT1-T696 and MLC, a lower basal tone in response to L-NAME and a reduced eNOS expression. The results indicate that the vascular hypercontractility found in o-BA is mediated by inhibition of MLCP and is partially compensated by an upregulation of endothelial NO release.

show abstract

“…However, the arterial supply to the cochlea is the AICA, whose origin is from the basilar artery. Even though there have been many experimental studies of brain ischaemia involving manipulation of the vertebrate arteries (posterior circulation; Henninger et al, ; Lekic & Ani, ), there have been few studies using posterior ischaemia models for hearing loss (Omotehara, Hakuba, Hato, Okada, & Gyo, ; Terashita et al, ), due to technical difficulties in modelling.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applicability of vital staining and tissue clearing to vascular anatomy and melanocytes' evaluation of temporal bone in six laboratory species

Kim

Chao

Kim

et al. 2019

Anat Histol Embryol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The purpose of the present study was to define the applicability of tissue clearing to the field of otology. We combined tissue clearing with vital staining perfusion via a pumping system to examine the vascular anatomy of temporal bones in laboratory animals. We used six different types of species including Korean wild mouse, mouse, Mongolian gerbil, hamsters and Guinea pigs. A mixture of Alcian blue reagent and 4% paraformaldehyde was circulated throughout the entire circulatory system of the animal via a perfusion pump system. Transparency images were obtained from the temporal bones according to the protocol of the SunHyun 3D Imaging Kit. In examining the inner surface of the tympanic membrane, flaccid part (pars flaccida) was positioned along the entire marginal area in Guinea pig. In the Guinea pig, unlike the other species, the cortical bone of the mastoid (bullae) was easily removed using cold instruments, allowing a direct approach to the enclosed structures. The distribution and pattern of cochlea melanocytes were compared among the species. "Mobius strip"-like accumulated melanocytes in vestibules were shown in both the Korean wild mouse and mouse. The collateral blood supply to the cochlea in six different species was checked in various pattern. Combining dye infusion with tissue-clearing techniques, we documented the middle ear and transparent inner ear structures in six different species. The information and associated images will help other researchers to develop hypotheses and design experimental investigations. K E Y W O R D Sblood vessels, laboratory animals, melanocyte, temporal bone | 297 KIM et al.

show abstract

Posterior Circulation Stroke: Animal Models and Mechanism of Disease

Cited by 15 publications

References 107 publications

Neonatal Brain Hemorrhage (NBH) of Prematurity: Translational Mechanisms of the Vascular-Neural Network

Neonatal Brain Hemorrhage (NBH) of Prematurity: Translational Mechanisms of the Vascular-Neural Network

Aging-related alterations in eNOS and nNOS responsiveness and smooth muscle reactivity of murine basilar arteries are modulated by apocynin and phosphorylation of myosin phosphatase targeting subunit-1

Applicability of vital staining and tissue clearing to vascular anatomy and melanocytes' evaluation of temporal bone in six laboratory species

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About