Posterior and Anterior Chamber Aqueous Humor Formation

Kinsey, V. Everett; Palm, Erik; Cavanaugh, Gerard A.

doi:10.1001/archopht.1955.00930010332003

Cited by 83 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In order to study kinetics of fluorescein in the anterior chamber as well as in the vitreous, it was necessary to use an extended time protocol, which revealed that fluorescein kinetics in various parts of the eye could be described by biexponential functions. This is in accordance with previously published studies on anterior chamber kinetics by Goldmann (1949Goldmann ( , 1950, Kinsey & Palm (1955) and Jones & Maurice (1966). McLaren et al (1993) have given a more detailed description on anterior chamber fluorescein kinetics based upon a three-compartment model.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…T he kinetics of drug exchange in the anterior part of the eye have been described by a biexponential function, as originally reported by Goldmann (1949Goldmann ( , 1950 and Kinsey & Palm (1955). Based on this description information about drug penetration as well as elimination from the anterior chamber has been obtained.…”

Section: Anterior Chamber Fluorescein Kinetics Compared With Vitreousmentioning

confidence: 87%

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Anterior chamber fluorescein kinetics compared with vitreous kinetics in normal subjects

Knudsen

Olsen

Nielsen‐Kudsk

1998

Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica

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ABSTRACT.Purpose: Describe and compare barrier properties in various parts of the eye. Methods: Fluorophotometric measurements of the anterior chamber, vitreous and plasma fluorescein concentrations were performed and subjected to a kinetic two-compartment analysis. Results: The overall barrier properties as revealed by a permeability-index was found to be 12.2% (anterior chamber) and 3.5% (vitreous). The apparent rate constant of permeation into the anterior chamber (K in Ω1,59 h ª1 ) was found to be significantly higher than into the vitreous (K in Ω0,66 h

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Anterior Chamber Fluorescein Kinetics Compared With Vitreousmentioning

confidence: 87%

Anterior chamber fluorescein kinetics compared with vitreous kinetics in normal subjects

Knudsen

Olsen

Nielsen‐Kudsk

1998

Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica

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“…Long-term observation of fluorescein concentrations in a specific point in the vitreous was performed and the vitreous fluorescein concentration time course was found sufficiently described by a biexponential function. This is in accordance with the previous description of anterior chamber kinetics by Goldmann et al (1949Goldmann et al ( , 1950, Kinsey & Palm (1955) and Jones & Maurice (1966) and thus enabled a direct comparison of parameters obtained from the anterior and posterior part of the eye.…”

supporting

confidence: 91%

“…T he kinetics of drug exchange in the anterior part of the eye have been described by a biexponential function, as originally reported by Goldmann (1949Goldmann ( , 1950 and Kinsey & Palm (1955). Based on this description information about penetration as well as elimination from the anterior chamber has been obtained.…”

mentioning

confidence: 87%

Anterior chamber and vitreous fluorescein kinetics in normal and diabetic subjects

Knudsen

Nielsen‐Kudsk

1998

Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica

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ABSTRACT.Purpose: Describe and compare drug exchange between various parts of the eye. Methods: Fluorophotometric measurements of the anterior chamber, vitreous and plasma fluorescein concentrations were performed and subjected to a kinetic two-compartment analysis. Results: The overall barrier properties as revealed by a permeability-index were found to be 12.2% and 3.5% for the anterior chamber and the vitreous, respectively. The apparent rate constant of permeation into the anterior chamber was found to be significantly higher than into the vitreous and the apparent peripheral body compartment. The terminal rate constant of fluorescein disposition from the anterior chamber was in agreement with the terminal disposition rate constant for plasma fluorescein, whereas elimination from the vitreous was significantly slower. Conclusion: Compartment analysis of ocular fluorescein kinetics is suitable for the study of anterior and posterior barrier properties in the eye. In this study fluorescein elimination from the anterior chamber was restricted by terminal plasma fluorescein decay rather than by ocular tissue.

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“…If this were true, the present findings with Diamox would be at complete variance with the estimate of a 65 % fall in the rate of production of fluid. However, more recent analyses of the problem (Kinsey & Palm, 1955;Friedenwald & Becker, 1955) have shown that the agreement between estimates of rates of flow and turnover of "Na was accidental, and resulted from ignoring the considerable losses of 24Na from the primarily secreted fluid, in the posterior chamber, to the vitreous body. If these losses were taken into account, the amount of 24Na entering the eye was considerably greater than could be accounted for by the secretory process, and it appeared that the amounts entering by diffusion were comparable with those entering in the secreted fluid.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of acetazoleamide on the chemical composition of the aqueous humour and cerebrospinal fluid of some mammalian species and on the rate of turnover of ²⁴na in these fluids

Davson¹,

Luck²

1957

The Journal of Physiology

100

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The carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, acetazoleamide (Diamox), causes striking and sustained falls in both intraocular (Becker, 1954) and cerebrospinal fluid (Tschirgi, Frost & Taylor, 1954) pressures. The falls in pressure have been ascribed to decreased rates of production of fluid and it has been estimated that the decrease in rate of formation of the ocular fluid must amount to some 65 % of the normal (Becker, 1955;Becker & Constant, 1955); if the rate of drip from the subarachnoid space is any true record of the rate of production of the cerebrospinal fluid, the fall in rate is also of this order (Kister, 1956).It was considered that such large changes in the rates of flow might be reflected in measurable decreases in the rates of turnover of 24Na in the fluids; moreover, since these fluids normally have different concentrations of ions and non-electrolytes from those in a dialysate of plasma, changes in rate of flow, and thus of the average sojourn in their respective cavities, might influence the steady-state distributions between fluids and blood plasma. In the present work, the influence of Diamox on the rates of turnover of 24Na in the two fluids, and on the steady-state distributions of sugar, chloride and bicarbonate between plasma and the fluids, has been examined in several species. Changes in some of these steady-state distributions have been found, and the problem has been discussed as to whether they are consequences of a primary decrease in rate of flow, or primary effects of the drug on the secretory mechanisms involved in the elaboration of the fluids. METHODS Kinetic 8tudie8. The technique employed for rabbits was that described earlier (Davson, 1955), a steady concentration of "Na in the plasma being maintained by continuous intravenous infusion, and the aqueous humour and cerebrospinal fluid being withdrawn at stated times after

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Posterior and Anterior Chamber Aqueous Humor Formation

Cited by 83 publications

References 22 publications

Anterior chamber fluorescein kinetics compared with vitreous kinetics in normal subjects

Anterior chamber fluorescein kinetics compared with vitreous kinetics in normal subjects

Anterior chamber and vitreous fluorescein kinetics in normal and diabetic subjects

The effect of acetazoleamide on the chemical composition of the aqueous humour and cerebrospinal fluid of some mammalian species and on the rate of turnover of ²⁴na in these fluids

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Posterior and Anterior Chamber Aqueous Humor Formation

Cited by 83 publications

References 22 publications

Anterior chamber fluorescein kinetics compared with vitreous kinetics in normal subjects

Anterior chamber fluorescein kinetics compared with vitreous kinetics in normal subjects

Anterior chamber and vitreous fluorescein kinetics in normal and diabetic subjects

The effect of acetazoleamide on the chemical composition of the aqueous humour and cerebrospinal fluid of some mammalian species and on the rate of turnover of 24na in these fluids

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Product

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The effect of acetazoleamide on the chemical composition of the aqueous humour and cerebrospinal fluid of some mammalian species and on the rate of turnover of ²⁴na in these fluids