Postembryonic development of Nymphon australe Hodgson, 1902 (Pycnogonida, Nymphonidae) from Antarctica

Cano-Sánchez, Esperanza; Sharma, Prashant P.; López–González, Pablo J.

doi:10.1007/s00300-020-02624-3

Cited by 2 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Both of these instars remain on the ovigers of the male. The young of other species which produce postlarvae also commonly remain with the parent for a long time, sometimes nearly all anamorphic period (Bogomolova & Malakhov, 2006;Cano-Sánchez et al, 2020).…”

Section: Classification Of Larval Typesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sea spiders also demonstrate early stages of embryonization and associated formation of large lecithotrophic larvae (Bain, 2003a;Brenneis et al, 2017). Up to half of their development is fueled by yolk reserves (Dogiel, 1913), although anamorphic growth is retained (Cano-Sánchez et al, 2020;Cano-Sánchez & L opez González, 2009;Cano-Sánchez & L opez-González, 2010;Cano-Sánchez & L opez-González, 2013). This is particularly useful for tracing possible embryonization pathways because in other chelicerates lecithotrophy is inextricably coupled with the disappearance of anamorphosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is particularly useful for tracing possible embryonization pathways because in other chelicerates lecithotrophy is inextricably coupled with the disappearance of anamorphosis. Such larvae are found in disparate pycnogonid families: Nymphonidae (Cano-Sánchez et al, 2020;Cano-Sánchez & L opez-González, 2010), Callipallenidae (Bain, 2003b;Brenneis et al, 2011a;Brenneis et al, 2011b;Nakamura, 1981), Ammotheidae (Cano-Sánchez & L opez González, 2009;Cano-Sánchez & L opez-González, 2013;Fornshell, 2015), and Pallenopsidae (Brenneis et al, 2017;Brenneis & Arango, 2019). Often, they occur together with other larval types within the same family (Bain, 2003a;Brenneis et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Often, they occur together with other larval types within the same family (Bain, 2003a;Brenneis et al, 2017). Typically, lecithotrophic larvae are large (≥400 μm) and spend a long time on the ovigers of their parents, but their appearance may vary: some look like large protonymphons (Dogiel, 1913;Fornshell, 2014Fornshell, , 2017, others resemble more advanced developmental stages (Cano-Sánchez et al, 2020;Fornshell, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…N. brevirostre) or attachment to the parent (Nymphon australe;Cano- Sánchez et al, 2020). They may also house versatile secretory complexes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Early lecithotrophic stages of Nymphon grossipes, and the role of larval appendages and glands in different larval types of pycnogonids

Alexeeva

Tamberg

2022

Journal of Morphology

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Section: Classification Of Larval Typesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…N. brevirostre) or attachment to the parent (Nymphon australe;Cano- Sánchez et al, 2020). They may also house versatile secretory complexes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Early lecithotrophic stages of Nymphon grossipes, and the role of larval appendages and glands in different larval types of pycnogonids

Alexeeva

Tamberg

2022

Journal of Morphology

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Epimorphic development in tropical shallow-water Nymphonidae (Arthropoda: Pycnogonida) revealed by fluorescence imaging

Arango,

Brenneis

2024

Zoological Lett

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Background Extant lineages of sea spiders (Pycnogonida) exhibit different types of development. Most commonly, pycnogonids hatch as a minute, feeding protonymphon larva with subsequent anamorphic development. However, especially in cold water habitats at higher latitudes and in the deep sea, some taxa have large, lecithotrophic larvae, or even undergo extended embryonic development with significantly advanced postlarval hatching stages. Similar biogeographic trends are observed in other marine invertebrates, often referred to as “Thorson’s rule”. Results To expand our knowledge on the developmental diversity in the most speciose pycnogonid genus Nymphon, we studied the developmental stages of the two tropical representatives N. floridanum and N. micronesicum., We compared classical scanning electron microscopy with fluorescence-based approaches to determine which imaging strategy is better suited for the ethanol-fixed material available. Both species show epimorphic development and hatch as an advanced, lecithotrophic postlarval instar possessing the anlagen of all body segments. Leg pairs 1–3 show a considerable degree of differentiation at hatching, but their proximal regions remain coiled and hidden under the cuticle of the hatching instar. The adult palp and oviger are not anteceded by three-articled larval limbs, but differentiate directly from non-articulated limb buds during postembryonic development. Conclusions Fluorescence imaging yielded more reliable morphological data than classical scanning electron microscopy, being the method of choice for maximal information gain from rare and fragile sea spider samples fixed in high-percentage ethanol. The discovery of epimorphic development with lecithotrophic postlarval instars in two small Nymphon species from tropical shallow-water habitats challenges the notion that this developmental pathway represents an exclusive cold-water adaptation in Nymphonidae. Instead, close phylogenetic affinities to the likewise more direct-developing Callipallenidae hint at a common evolutionary origin of this trait in the clade Nymphonoidea (Callipallenidae + Nymphonidae). The lack of functional palpal and ovigeral larval limbs in callipallenids and postlarval hatchers among nymphonids may be a derived character of Nymphonoidea. To further test this hypothesis, a stable and well-resolved phylogenetic backbone for Nymphonoidea is key.

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Postembryonic development of Nymphon australe Hodgson, 1902 (Pycnogonida, Nymphonidae) from Antarctica

Cited by 2 publications

References 39 publications

Early lecithotrophic stages of Nymphon grossipes, and the role of larval appendages and glands in different larval types of pycnogonids

Early lecithotrophic stages of Nymphon grossipes, and the role of larval appendages and glands in different larval types of pycnogonids

Epimorphic development in tropical shallow-water Nymphonidae (Arthropoda: Pycnogonida) revealed by fluorescence imaging

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