Postdeployment Respiratory Health: The Roles of the Airborne Hazards and Open Burn Pit Registry and the Post-Deployment Cardiopulmonary Evaluation Network

Davis, Caroline W.

doi:10.12788/fp.0307

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Open burning of garbage was widely used during military operations in Iraq, Afghanistan, and Southwest Asia creating a mixture of airborne hazards . According to the Airborne Hazards and Open Burn Pit Registry (AHOBPR), open-air burn pits constitute the most common deployment-related exposures in veterans, occurring in more than 90% of cases . The Department of Defense (DoD) prohibited the disposal of waste in open-air burn pits in 2010 through a Directive-Type Memorandum (09-032), unless the base commander determined the unavailability of alternatives.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although incinerators were added to the bases for waste management to reduce emission since 2006, burn pits were still present until 2014 . Veterans deployed in Southwest Asia and Afghanistan were typically exposed to more particulate matter (PM) than the United States National Ambient Air Quality Standards, and suffer from several deployment-related lung diseases, including asthma, bronchiolitis, and other respiratory disorders. − Burn pit exposure has been associated with respiratory diagnoses, including symptoms such as shortness of breath, chronic sinus infection, runny nose, cough, respiratory allergy, and wheezing . A growing body of research continues to uncover the relationship between burn pit smoke exposure and adverse health effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Burn Pit Smoke Condensate-Mediated Toxicity in Human Airway Epithelial Cells

Ghosh,

Payton,

Gallant

et al. 2024

Chem. Res. Toxicol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Burn pits are a method of open-air waste management that was common during military operations in Iraq, Afghanistan, and other regions in Southwest Asia. Veterans returning from deployment have reported respiratory symptoms, potentially from exposure to burn pit smoke, yet comprehensive assessment of such exposure on pulmonary health is lacking. We have previously shown that exposure to condensates from burn pit smoke emissions causes inflammation and cytotoxicity in mice. In this study, we explored the effects of burn pit smoke condensates on human airway epithelial cells (HAECs) to understand their impact on cellular targets in the human lung. HAECs were cultured at the air–liquid interface (ALI) and exposed to burn pit waste smoke condensates (plywood, cardboard, plastic, mixed, and mixed with diesel) generated under smoldering and flaming conditions. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by measuring transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release; toxicity scores (TSs) were quantified for each exposure. Pro-inflammatory cytokine release and modulation of gene expression were examined for cardboard and plastic condensate exposures. Burn pit smoke condensates generated under flaming conditions affected cell viability, with flaming mixed waste and plywood exhibiting the highest toxicity scores. Cardboard and plastic smoke condensates modulated cytokine secretion, with GM-CSF and IL-1β altered in more than one exposure group. Gene expression of detoxifying enzymes (ALDH1A3, ALDH3A1, CYP1A1, CYP1B1, NQO1, etc.), mucins (MUC5AC, MUC5B), and cytokines was affected by several smoke condensates. Particularly, expression of IL6 was elevated following exposure to all burn pit smoke condensates, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon acenaphthene was positively associated with the IL-6 level in the basolateral media of HAECs. These observations demonstrate that exposure to smoke condensates of materials present in burn pits adversely affects HAECs and that aberrant cytokine secretion and altered gene expression profiles following burn pit material smoke exposure could contribute to the development of airway disease.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Burn Pit Smoke Condensate-Mediated Toxicity in Human Airway Epithelial Cells

Ghosh,

Payton,

Gallant

et al. 2024

Chem. Res. Toxicol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Airborne environmental toxins pose many health risks, and studies of these consequences often focus on the lungs and internal organs and, particularly, on their carcinogenic and mutagenic potential [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. However, there is very little literature on the effect of defined, intense exposure to airborne hazards on the eye [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Assessment of the Ocular Toxicity of Two Major Sources of Environmental Exposure

Rauchman,

Kasselman,

Srivastava

et al. 2024

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The effect of airborne exposure on the eye surface is an area in need of exploration, particularly in light of the increasing number of incidents occurring in both civilian and military settings. In this study, in silico methods based on a platform comprising a portfolio of software applications and a technology ecosystem are used to test potential surface ocular toxicity in data presented from Iraqi burn pits and the East Palestine, Ohio, train derailment. The purpose of this analysis is to gain a better understanding of the long-term impact of such an exposure to the ocular surface and the manifestation of surface irritation, including dry eye disease. In silico methods were used to determine ocular irritation to chemical compounds. A list of such chemicals was introduced from a number of publicly available sources for burn pits and train derailment. The results demonstrated high ocular irritation scores for some chemicals present in these exposure events. Such an analysis is designed to provide guidance related to the needed ophthalmologic care and follow-up in individuals who have been in proximity to burn pits or the train derailment and those who will experience future toxic exposure.

show abstract

Postdeployment Respiratory Health: The Roles of the Airborne Hazards and Open Burn Pit Registry and the Post-Deployment Cardiopulmonary Evaluation Network

Cited by 2 publications

References 24 publications

Burn Pit Smoke Condensate-Mediated Toxicity in Human Airway Epithelial Cells

Burn Pit Smoke Condensate-Mediated Toxicity in Human Airway Epithelial Cells

An Assessment of the Ocular Toxicity of Two Major Sources of Environmental Exposure

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About