Postconcussion Syndrome: A Physiatrist's Approach

Reddy, Cara Camiolo

doi:10.1016/j.pmrj.2011.07.012

Cited by 12 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…[4] Akut baş ağrılarının tedavisinde non-steroid antiiflamatuar ilaçlar (NSAİİ), ergotamin, dihidroergotamin ve triptanlar etkilidir. [4] Akut ağrılar için kullanılan bu ilaçların rebound fenomenine yol açabileceği unutulmamalı ve hastalar bu ilaçları haftada 3 defadan fazla kullanmamaları konusunda uyarılmalıdır. [4] Başağrılarının görülme sıklığı haftada üç günden fazla ise koruyucu ilaçlara başlanmalıdır.…”

Section: Başağrısıunclassified

“…[4] Akut ağrılar için kullanılan bu ilaçların rebound fenomenine yol açabileceği unutulmamalı ve hastalar bu ilaçları haftada 3 defadan fazla kullanmamaları konusunda uyarılmalıdır. [4] Başağrılarının görülme sıklığı haftada üç günden fazla ise koruyucu ilaçlara başlanmalıdır. [4] Başağrılarında bazen tercih edilen Botulinum toksin enjeksiyonlarının travma sonrası baş ağrılarında kullanımı ile ilgili çalışma bulunmamaktadır ve birincil başağrılarındaki etkinliği tartış-malıdır.…”

Section: Başağrısıunclassified

“…[4] Başağrılarının görülme sıklığı haftada üç günden fazla ise koruyucu ilaçlara başlanmalıdır. [4] Başağrılarında bazen tercih edilen Botulinum toksin enjeksiyonlarının travma sonrası baş ağrılarında kullanımı ile ilgili çalışma bulunmamaktadır ve birincil başağrılarındaki etkinliği tartış-malıdır. [30] Magnezyum, vitamin B2 (riboflavin), koenzim Q10, alfa-lipoik asit gibi birincil baş ağrılarında etkinliği çift-kör randomize kontrollü çalışma-larla gösterilmiş ilaçların travma sonrası baş ağrıları için kullanımına dair öz-gül bir çalışma olmasa da bu grup hastalarda ampirik olarak kullanıldıkları bilinmektedir.…”

Section: Başağrısıunclassified

“…[30] Magnezyum, vitamin B2 (riboflavin), koenzim Q10, alfa-lipoik asit gibi birincil baş ağrılarında etkinliği çift-kör randomize kontrollü çalışma-larla gösterilmiş ilaçların travma sonrası baş ağrıları için kullanımına dair öz-gül bir çalışma olmasa da bu grup hastalarda ampirik olarak kullanıldıkları bilinmektedir. [4] …”

Section: Başağrısıunclassified

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Treatment in Postconcussional Syndrome

Keskin¹,

Tamam²

2013

Psikiyatride Guncel Yaklasimlar - Current Approaches in Psychia

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ÖZETPostkontüzyonel sendrom hafif şiddette kafa travması sonrası gelişen fiziksel, bilişsel ve psikiyatrik (duygusal, davranışsal) belirtilerle karakterizedir. Belirtilerin 3-6 ay içerisinde, kişilerin yaklaşık %90'ında tamamen düzeldiği bilinmektedir. Geriye kalan %10'luk kesimde kalıcı post-kontüzyon belirtileri görülür. Tanısı öznel yakınmalara dayanan bu durumun tedavisi genellikle bildirilen belirtilere yöneliktir. Kişi erken dönemde hastalığın doğası ve seyri konusunda bilgilendirilmeli, belirtilerin çoğunlukla 3-6 ay içerisinde düzeldiği vurgulanmalıdır. Çok yönlü rehabilitasyon programları ve özellikle son zamanlarda etkinliğine dair umut verici çalışmalar olan bilişsel davranışçı tedavi faydalı olabilir. Kalıcı belirtiler için farmakoterapi ve somatik tedaviler kullanılabilir. Anahtar Sözcükler: Postkontüzyonel sendrom, tedavi ABSTRACTPostconcussional syndrome is characterized by somatic, cognitive and psychiatric (emotional, behavioral) symptoms that occur after mild traumatic brain injury. These symptoms usually recover fully within 3-6 months almost in 90% of patients. Persistent post-concussion symptoms could occur in 10% of patients. Diagnosis is based on the subjective complaints and the treatment of the syndrome is mainly of palliative nature. The patient should be educated about the nature and outcome of the syndrome and reassured that almost all symptoms recover fully within 3-6 months. Multifaceted rehabilitation programs and cognitive behavioral therapy could be beneficial. Pharmacotherapy and somatic therapy are other options for persistent symptoms.

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Section: Başağrısıunclassified

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Treatment in Postconcussional Syndrome

Keskin¹,

Tamam²

2013

Psikiyatride Guncel Yaklasimlar - Current Approaches in Psychia

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“…53 Clinical pictures often reveal a strong interplay among symptoms, 54 which complicates investigation of the pathophysiology and treatment of post-TBI depression. In this study, we used a minimal TBI method established by Zohar and collegues 24 that was modified to produce a mouse model of CBI.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Suppression of Oxidative Stress and 5-Lipoxygenase Activation by Edaravone Improves Depressive-Like Behavior after Concussion

Higashi

Hoshijima²,

Yawata³

et al. 2014

Journal of Neurotrauma

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Brain concussions are a serious public concern and are associated with neuropsychiatric disorders, such as depression. Patients with concussion who suffer from depression often experience distress. Nevertheless, few pre-clinical studies have examined concussion-induced depression, and there is little information regarding its pharmacological management. Edaravone, a free radical scavenger, can exert neuroprotective effects in several animal models of neurological disorders. However, the effectiveness of edaravone in animal models of concussion-induced depression remains unclear. In this study, we examined whether edaravone could prevent concussion-induced depression. Mice were subjected to a weightdrop injury and intravenously administered edaravone (3.0 mg/kg) or vehicle immediately after impact. Serial magnetic resonance imaging showed no abnormalities of the cerebrum on diffusion T1-and T2-weighted images. We found that edaravone suppressed concussion-induced depressive-like behavior in the forced swim test, which was accompanied by inhibition of increased hippocampal and cortical oxidative stress (OS) and suppression of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) translocation to the nuclear envelope in hippocampal astrocytes. Hippocampal OS in concussed mice was also prevented by the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase inhibitor, apocynin, and administration of BWB70C, a 5-LOX inhibitor, immediately and 24 h after injury prevented depressive-like behaviors in concussed mice. Further, antidepressant effects of edaravone were observed in mice receiving 1.0 or 3.0 mg/kg of edaravone immediately after impact, but not at a lower dose of 0.1 mg/kg. This antidepressant effect persisted up to 1 h after impact, whereas edaravone treatment at 3 h after impact had no effect on concussion-induced depressive-like behavior. These results suggest that edaravone protects against concussion-induced depression, and this protection is mediated by suppression of OS and 5-LOX translocation.

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XAFS investigations of copper(II) complexes with tetradentate Schiff base ligands

et al. 2012

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X‐ray absorption fine structure spectra have been investigated at the K‐edge of copper in copper(II) salen/salophen complexes: [Cu(salen)] (1), [Cu(salen)CuCl2].H2O (2), [Cu(salophen)] (3) and [Cu(salophen) CuCl2].H2O (4), where salen2− = N,N′‐ethylenebis (salicylidenaminato); salophen2− = o‐phenylenediaminebis(salicylidenaminato). Complexes 1 and 3 are supposed to have one type of copper centers (called (Cu1)) and complexes 2 and 4 two types of copper centers (called (Cu1) and (Cu2)) having different coordination environments and geometries. A theoretical model has been generated using the available crystallographic data of complex 1 and it has been used for analysis of the extended X‐ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) data of the four complexes to obtain the structural parameters for (Cu1) center. For this center, the obtained Cu–Cu distance (3.2 Å) verifies the binuclear nature of all the complexes. For determining the coordination geometry around (Cu2) center in 2 and 4, a theoretical model has been generated using the crystal structure of a Cu(II) complex, [Cu(C16H12N2O2Cl2)]. This theoretical model has been fitted to the EXAFS data of 2 and 4 to obtain the structural parameters for (Cu2) center. The present analysis shows that (Cu1) center has square pyramidal geometry involving 2N and 3O donor atoms, whereas (Cu2) center has distorted tetrahedral geometry with 2O and 2Cl donor atoms. The values of the chemical shifts and presence of typical Cu(II) X‐ray absorption near‐edge spectroscopy features suggest that copper is in the +2 oxidation state in all these complexes. The intensity of ls → 3d pre‐edge feature has been used to investigate the geometry and binuclear nature of the complexes. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Postconcussion Syndrome: A Physiatrist's Approach

Cited by 12 publications

References 91 publications

Treatment in Postconcussional Syndrome

Treatment in Postconcussional Syndrome

Suppression of Oxidative Stress and 5-Lipoxygenase Activation by Edaravone Improves Depressive-Like Behavior after Concussion

XAFS investigations of copper(II) complexes with tetradentate Schiff base ligands

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