Postbiotic Fractions of Probiotics Lactobacillus plantarum 299v and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG Show Immune-Modulating Effects

Abstract

Probiotic bacteria belonging to Lactobacillus spp. are important producers of bioactive molecules, known as postbiotics, that play essential roles in the immunological support of the intestinal mucosa. In this study, the system of co-culture of intestinal epithelial cells with macrophage cells in vitro was used to study the potential effect of postbiotic fractions of L. rhamonosus and L. plantarum on the modulation of the immune response induced by pro-inflammatory stimuli. This study’s results revealed that the presence of probiotic bacterial components on the mucosal surface in the early and late stage of inflammatory conditions is based on cellular interactions that control inflammation and consequent damage to the intestinal epithelium. In our studies, heat killed fractions of probiotic bacteria and their extracted proteins showed a beneficial effect on controlling inflammation, regardless of the strain tested, consequently protecting intestinal barrier damage. In conclusion, the presented results emphasize that the fractions of probiotic bacteria of L. plantarum and L. rhamnosus may play a significant role in the regulation of LPS-mediated cytotoxic activity in intestinal epithelial cells. The fractions of probiotic strains of L. rhamnosus and L. plantarum showed the potential to suppress inflammation, effectively activating the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and modulating the IL-18-related response.

Lactic Acid Bacteria-Derived Postbiotics as Adjunctive Agents in Breast Cancer Treatment to Boost the Antineoplastic Effect of a Conventional Therapeutic Comprising Tamoxifen and a New Drug Candidate: An Aziridine–Hydrazide Hydrazone Derivative

“…Among the various LAB species, L. plantarum 299v and L. rhamnosus GG are the most commonly investigated strains and are also widely used in the pharmaceutical and food industries. Analysis of the postbiotic composition of these strains revealed the presence of several bioactive compounds with antineoplastic potential, which can interact with the host's immune system, modulate the tumor microenvironment, and exert a direct effect on cellular processes [31]. The products of bacterial metabolism with promising anticancer potential are short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)-butyric, acetic, and propionic acids [29,32].…”

The Power of Psychobiotics in Depression: A Modern Approach through the Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis: A Literature Review

“…Studies have confirmed that the use of products or supplements rich in live bacterial cultures, such as Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bifidobacterium lactis, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus brevis, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus salivarius, or Lactobacillus lactis, has a positive effect in terms of improving overall well-being and the severity of depressive symptoms after about 3-4 weeks of their use, depending on the initial severity of the symptoms related to patients' mental functioning [131].…”

“…Lactobacillus plantarum 299v and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG suppress inflammation and protect against intestinal barrier damage through regulatory effects on LPS-mediated cytotoxic activity in intestinal epithelial cells [131].…”

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