Post-treatment speech naturalness of Comprehensive Stuttering Program clients and differences in ratings among listener groups

Teshima, Shelli; Langevin, Marilyn; Hagler, Paul; Kully, Deborah

doi:10.1016/j.jfludis.2010.01.001

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…A strong intra-class correlation was found for the inter-rater measurements (ICC = .94, p < .001), indicating a high level of reliability. Speech naturalness was monitored across the trial as a reduction would be considered a possible adverse effect of stuttering intervention (Martin et al, 1984;Onslow et al, 1992;Teshima et al, 2010). tDCS has been associated with mild and transient adverse effects.…”

Section: Outcome Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcranial direct current stimulation over left inferior frontal cortex improves speech fluency in adults who stutter

Chesters

Möttönen

Watkins

2018

Preprint

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2Stuttering is a neurodevelopmental disorder affecting 5% of children, and persisting in 1% of adults. Promoting lasting fluency improvement in adults who stutter is a particular challenge. Novel interventions to improve outcomes are required, therefore. Previous work in patients with acquired motor and language disorders reported enhanced benefits of behavioural therapies when paired with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). Here, we report the results of the first trial investigating whether tDCS can improve speech fluency in adults who stutter. Thirty adult men who stutter completed a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial of anodal tDCS over left inferior frontal cortex. Fifteen men received 20 minutes of 1-mA tDCS on five consecutive days while speech fluency was temporarily induced using choral and metronome-timed speech. The other 15 men received the same speech fluency intervention with sham stimulation.We predicted that applying anodal tDCS to the left inferior frontal cortex during speech production with temporary fluency inducers would result in longerlasting fluency improvements. Speech fluency during reading and conversation was assessed at baseline, before and after the stimulation on each day of the fiveday intervention, and at 1 and 6 weeks after the end of the intervention. TDCS combined with speech fluency training significantly reduced the percentage of disfluent speech measured 1 week after the intervention compared with fluency intervention alone. At 6 weeks after the intervention, this improvement was maintained during reading but not during conversation. Outcome scores at both post-intervention time points on a clinical assessment tool (the Stuttering Severity Instrument -version 4) also showed significant improvement in the group receiving tDCS compared with the sham group, in whom fluency was not peer-reviewed)

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Section: Outcome Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcranial direct current stimulation over left inferior frontal cortex improves speech fluency in adults who stutter

Chesters

Möttönen

Watkins

2018

Preprint

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“…A primary example would be the Comprehensive Stuttering Program originally designed by the faculty of the Albertabased Institute for Stuttering Treatment and Research, including Deborah Kully and Marilyn Langevin. 48,75,76 Such programs, which are run on an ''intensive'' basis (2-to 3-week residential schedule), graduate attendees who can achieve long-term fluency of 0 to 3% stuttered syllables (%SS), with associated positive change in OASES scores.…”

Section: Treatment Outcome Data For Older Pwsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Translating Recent Research into Meaningful Clinical Practice

Ratner¹

2010

Semin Speech Lang

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The goal of this article is to provide a synopsis of research, both basic and applied, that can improve the evaluation and treatment of stuttering in children and adults, as well as counseling of clients, families, and other professionals who interact with the person who stutters. Relevant basic research has informed genetic contributions to stuttering and possible neurological substrates of the disorder. Several treatment approaches to stuttering have recently been published, with varying degrees of apparent efficacy. There has also been increased attention to therapeutic outcomes that go beyond the components of the specific therapies themselves, which have the potential to improve therapy outcomes.

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“…A likely reason for this difference is that the PWS rated their own speech in the Finn and Ingham study; it may be the case that rhythmic speech is perceived as more unnatural by listeners than speakers believe. Previous studies have found differences in naturalness ratings between listeners who stutter and listeners who do not stutter, with some reporting listeners who stutter as being less critical (see Teshima et al, 2010, for a review). This experiment also revealed a possible solution to this problem, however, because vowel duration and mean phonated interval duration were positively correlated, and the percentage of 101–150-ms phonated intervals was negatively correlated, with speech naturalness for the PWS during Reading-1.0 s. These are important findings, because if these variables are vital to the perception of speech naturalness during this condition, then they can and should be purposefully altered during the experimental condition to improve naturalness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Jones and Azrin (1969) asked listeners to simply mark “natural” or “unnatural,” and Finn and Ingham (1994) used only self-ratings of naturalness by PWS. The ratings provided by the speakers in the Finn and Ingham (1994) study may not be representative of a true listener’s judgment, as there is evidence that PWS rate naturalness differently than other groups of listeners (see Teshima, Langevin, Hagler, & Kully, 2010, for a review). We also examined if speech production changes are associated with different naturalness ratings during the experimental condition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic studies of modified vocalization: Speech production changes during a variation of metronomic speech in persons who do and do not stutter

Davidow

Bothe

2011

Journal of Fluency Disorders

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The most common way to induce fluency using rhythm requires persons who stutter to speak one syllable or one word to each beat of a metronome, but stuttering can also be eliminated when the stimulus is of a particular duration (e.g., 1 s). The present study examined stuttering frequency, speech production changes, and speech naturalness during rhythmic speech that alternated 1 s of reading with 1 s of silence. A repeated-measures design was used to compare data obtained during a control reading condition and during rhythmic reading in 10 persons who stutter (PWS) and 10 normally fluent controls. Ratings for speech naturalness were also gathered from naïve listeners. Results showed that mean vowel duration increased significantly, and the percentage of short phonated intervals decreased significantly, for both groups from the control to the experimental condition. Mean phonated interval length increased significantly for the fluent controls. Mean speech naturalness ratings during the experimental condition were approximately 7 on a 1–9 scale (1 = highly natural; 9 = highly unnatural), and these ratings were significantly correlated with vowel duration and phonated intervals for PWS. The findings indicate that PWS may be altering vocal fold vibration duration to obtain fluency during this rhythmic speech style, and that vocal fold vibration duration may have an impact on speech naturalness during rhythmic speech. Future investigations should examine speech production changes and speech naturalness during variations of this rhythmic condition. Educational Objectives The reader will be able to: (1) describe changes (from a control reading condition) in speech production variables when alternating between 1 s of reading and 1 s of silence, (2) describe which rhythmic conditions have been found to sound and feel the most natural, (3) describe methodological issues for studies about alterations in speech production variables during fluency-inducing conditions, and (4) describe which fluency-inducing conditions have been shown to involve a reduction in short phonated intervals.

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Post-treatment speech naturalness of Comprehensive Stuttering Program clients and differences in ratings among listener groups

Cited by 17 publications

References 25 publications

Transcranial direct current stimulation over left inferior frontal cortex improves speech fluency in adults who stutter

Transcranial direct current stimulation over left inferior frontal cortex improves speech fluency in adults who stutter

Translating Recent Research into Meaningful Clinical Practice

Systematic studies of modified vocalization: Speech production changes during a variation of metronomic speech in persons who do and do not stutter

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