Post traumatic stress symptoms in parents of children with cancer: A mediation model

Perez, Megan N.; Sharkey, Christina; Tackett, Alayna P.; Delozier, Alexandria M.; Bakula, Dana M.; Gamwell, Kaitlyn L.; Mayes, Sunnye; McNall, Rene; Chaney, John M.; Clawson, Ashley H.; Mullins, Larry L.

doi:10.1080/08880018.2018.1524954

Cited by 18 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The search yielded 31 studies that were included in the review (see Figure 1). In our search, the large majority of the studies analyzed was on caregivers of children and AYAs affected by tumors, investigated by fourteen studies [41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54]. The remaining diagnostic categories of children and AYAs whose caregivers were investigated for PTSD were very heterogeneous and less numerous, and included neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) patients [55,56], epilepsy [57,58], burn injuries, and other accidents [41,[59][60][61], disorders of sex development [62,63], asthma [64], transplants [65][66][67][68], HIV [66], Sickle cell disease [66], diabetes mellitus type 1 [41], and neuro-psychiatric disorders [69][70][71].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-Traumatic Stress Reactions in Caregivers of Children and Adolescents/Young Adults with Severe Diseases: A Systematic Review of Risk and Protective Factors

Carmassi

Dell’Oste

Foghi

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Severe illnesses in children and adolescents/young adults (AYAs) may represent a complex burden for patients and their caregivers, including a wide range of mental disorders, particularly post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Few events are as potentially traumatizing as having a son or a daughter diagnosed with a severe, life-threatening, or disabling disease. The presence of PTSD symptoms in caregivers may compromise their efficacy as caregivers and negatively affect the child’s well-being. This systematic review aims at outlining potential risk and protective factors for the development of PTSD symptoms in caregivers of children and AYAs affected by severe acute or chronic illnesses. Thirty-one studies on caregivers of children and AYAs affected by severe, acute, or chronic diseases were included. Socio-demographic and socio-economic characteristics, illness-related distress, psychiatric symptoms, support, and coping styles were found as potential risk/protective factors across studies. It is crucial to consider risk factors affecting caregivers of severely ill young patients, in order to plan focused interventions aimed at preventing an adverse clinical outcome in caregivers and at enhancing caregivers’ coping skills, in order to ultimately improve their quality of life.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-Traumatic Stress Reactions in Caregivers of Children and Adolescents/Young Adults with Severe Diseases: A Systematic Review of Risk and Protective Factors

Carmassi

Dell’Oste

Foghi

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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“…Importantly, the current study identified barriers to care as a predictor of IU, a cognitive appraisal strongly related to parental distress . These findings offer new insight into potential family experiences, such as barriers to accessing and engaging in their child's cancer treatment, that may lead to feelings of uncertainty (e.g., confusing medical information, illness management questions).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…Perceptions of increased barriers, such as poor communication with medical professionals or confusion from medical terminology or forms, may create impressions of receiving insufficient or ambiguous information for the child's illness and treatment. Importantly, IU is robustly associated with psychological distress in parents of children with chronic medical conditions, and it may be that the experience of barriers could elevate parental perceptions of uncertainty related to their child's cancer, which may in turn increase their levels of distress. However, such a hypothesis has yet to be evaluated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barriers to care in pediatric cancer: The role of illness uncertainty in relation to parent psychological distress

et al. 2019

Self Cite

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Objective: The current study evaluated perceived barriers to care for parents of children with cancer and the mediating effect of illness uncertainty (IU; uncertainty from the ambiguity or unpredictability of the illness) on the relationship between barriers and parental psychological distress. We hypothesized that greater barriers to care would be related to higher levels of IU and, in turn, higher anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress symptom (PTSS) ratings.Methods: As part of an ongoing study of family adjustment to pediatric cancer, 145 caregivers of children diagnosed with cancer completed questionnaires assessing barriers to care, parent IU, and anxious symptoms, depressive symptoms, and PTSS. Time since cancer diagnosis ranged from 1 to 12 months.Results: Three mediation models assessed IU as a mediator between barriers to care and anxious symptoms, depressive symptoms, and PTSS, controlling for annual income. IU significantly mediated the relationship between barriers to care and depressive symptoms (B = -.03, SE = .02; 95% CI [-.08, -.01]) and to PTSS (B = -.15, SE = .10; 95% CI [-.38, -.03]). The mediation model was not significant for anxious symptoms.Conclusion: Experiencing barriers to obtaining treatment for their child with cancer is a significant risk factor for symptoms of depression and PTSS among parents.Specifically, greater barriers to care is significantly associated with IU, a wellestablished precursor to distress in this population. Interventions targeting IU may help ameliorate distress within the context of unmodifiable barriers to care.

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“…Most research in this area exists in pediatric patients with a history of cancers [36,37], accidents including traumatic brain injury [38][39][40][41], or, more generally, intensive care unit hospitalizations [42]. Often, parents of children undergoing intensive medical procedures also report symptoms of PTSD [36,[42][43][44], compounding the risk of GP-associated PTS. It is plausible that patients, especially those with severe GP necessitating the use of nasogastric tube feeding or multiple hospitalizations, are at risk for developing PTS.…”

Section: Post-traumatic Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among these events, medical trauma arises from hospitalizations, surgeries, procedures, or even significant disease symptoms and can manifest in post-traumatic stress (PTS), which has many overlapping symptoms with PTSD [ 34 , 35 ]. Most research in this area exists in pediatric patients with a history of cancers [ 36 , 37 ], accidents including traumatic brain injury [ 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ], or, more generally, intensive care unit hospitalizations [ 42 ]. Often, parents of children undergoing intensive medical procedures also report symptoms of PTSD [ 36 , 42 , 43 , 44 ], compounding the risk of GP-associated PTS.…”

Section: Psychological Co-morbiditiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Scarcity of Literature on the Psychological, Social, and Emotional Effects of Gastroparesis in Children

Taft

Doerfler

Edlynn³

et al. 2020

Children

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Gastroparesis (GP) is a chronic, gastric dysmotility disorder with significant morbidity and mortality. The hallmark of GP is the delayed emptying of the contents of the stomach in the absence of any mechanical obstruction. Patients most commonly report chronic symptoms of nausea, vomiting, feeling full quickly when eating, bloating, and abdominal pain. Treatments are limited with relatively poor efficacy. As such, children with GP are at significant risk for the development of psychological co-morbidities. In this paper, we provide a topical review of the scientific literature on the psychological, social, and emotional impacts of gastroparesis in pediatric patients. We aim to document the current state of research, identify gaps in our knowledge with appropriate recommendations for future research directions, and highlight the unique challenges pediatric patients with GP and their families may face as they manage this disease. Based on the current review, research into the psychosocial impacts in children with GP is essentially non-existent. However, when considering research in children with other chronic digestive diseases, children with GP are likely to face multiple psychosocial challenges, including increased risk for anxiety and depression, stigma, and reduced quality of life. These significant gaps in the current understanding of effects of GP across domains of childhood functioning allow for ample opportunities for future studies to address psychosocial outcomes.

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Post traumatic stress symptoms in parents of children with cancer: A mediation model

Cited by 18 publications

References 47 publications

Post-Traumatic Stress Reactions in Caregivers of Children and Adolescents/Young Adults with Severe Diseases: A Systematic Review of Risk and Protective Factors

Post-Traumatic Stress Reactions in Caregivers of Children and Adolescents/Young Adults with Severe Diseases: A Systematic Review of Risk and Protective Factors

Barriers to care in pediatric cancer: The role of illness uncertainty in relation to parent psychological distress

The Scarcity of Literature on the Psychological, Social, and Emotional Effects of Gastroparesis in Children

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