Post-thrombotic syndrome and recurrent thromboembolism in patients with upper extremity deep vein thrombosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Thiyagarajah, Kartiga; Ellingwood, Leah; Endres, Kaitlin; Hegazi, Aaron; Radford, James M; Iansavichene, Alla; Lazo‐Langner, Alejandro

doi:10.1016/j.thromres.2018.12.012

Cited by 52 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…However, CVC has been associated with high incidence of complications, such as thrombosis, infection, and stenosis development. Catheter-related thrombosis (CRT) is one of the most serious complications of CVC, and this complication can lead to pulmonary embolism, recurrent deep venous thrombosis, postthrombotic syndrome, and sepsis [3,4]. A large and comprehensive system review has shown that the incidence rate of CRT is 0-64.5% [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of miR-92a-3p, oxidative stress, and p38MAPK/NF-κB pathway in rats with central venous catheter related thrombosis

Gan

Zhao

Yan

et al. 2020

BMC Cardiovasc Disord

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Background: miR-92a-3p and oxidative stress are reportedly associated with venous thrombosis. However, the role of miR-92a-3p and oxidative stress in catheter-related thrombosis (CRT) remains ambiguous. Herein, we studied the roles of miR-92a-3p, oxidative stress, and p38-mitogen-activated protein kinase/nuclear factor kappa-B (MAPK/NF-κB) pathway in CRT. Methods: Forty-five male rats were randomly and equally divided into control, sham operation, and CRT groups. The rats were sacrificed after 10 days. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the serum were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression levels of miR-92a-3p, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), NF-κB p65, and p38 MAPK in the venous tissues were detected with quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western blot. Results: Thrombosis was observed only in the CRT group. Compared with the levels in the control and sham operation groups, ROS and MDA significantly increased in the CRT group, but SOD significantly decreased. qPCR and Western blot results showed that miR-92a-3p, HO-1, p38 MAPK, and NF-κB p65 expression was significantly upregulated in the venous tissues of the CRT group. Moreover, miR-92a-3p was positively correlated with HO-1, which was positively correlated with p38 MAPK and NF-κB p65. Conclusion: miR-92a-3p was correlated with oxidative stress in CRT. miR-92a-3p and oxidative stress contributed to endothelial dysfunction and simultaneously was associated with CRT.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of miR-92a-3p, oxidative stress, and p38MAPK/NF-κB pathway in rats with central venous catheter related thrombosis

Gan

Zhao

Yan

et al. 2020

BMC Cardiovasc Disord

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“…Upper extremity deep vein thrombosis (UEDVT) is a relatively uncommon form of venous thrombosis, accounting for 5% to 10% of all deep vein thromboses (DVTs), with an annual incidence of 0.5 to 1 case per 10 000 patient‐years. This means that approximately 2500 to 5000 new cases will be diagnosed in Canada in a year . As with other forms of thrombosis, the cornerstone of its treatment is the use of anticoagulant therapy to prevent recurrences and other complications including pulmonary embolism .…”

Section: Key Research Questions In Studies Evaluating Upper Extremitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A careful evaluation of this outcome is particularly important, especially because previous studies have shown that the presence of PTS is associated with higher disability scores . Our recent systematic review found that the overall risk of PTS in UEDVT is around 19% and maybe lower in patients with catheter‐related UEDVT, although this may be confounded by the presence of a competing risk of death in cancer patients . Although there is no information about PTS in patients treated with direct oral anticoagulants, it has been shown that in patients treated with LMWH followed by warfarin, the occurrence of PTS is similar in patients with primary or secondary UEDVT .…”

Section: Key Research Questions In Studies Evaluating Upper Extremitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although there is no information about PTS in patients treated with direct oral anticoagulants, it has been shown that in patients treated with LMWH followed by warfarin, the occurrence of PTS is similar in patients with primary or secondary UEDVT . However, indirect evidence suggests that in patients treated with anticoagulants alone, the occurrence of PTS is higher compared to patients treated with surgery and/or thrombolysis, although the lack of direct comparisons prevent drawing any definitive conclusions. On the other hand, in patients with DVT of the lower extremities, the use of thrombolysis is associated with higher bleeding risk but no reduction in PTS, and thus the current guidelines suggest reserving thrombolysis only for cases with impending risk to the affected limb for both lower and upper extremity DVT .…”

Section: Key Research Questions In Studies Evaluating Upper Extremitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding the safety of anticoagulation in patients with UEDVT, our recent meta‐analysis reported an overall occurrence of major bleeding events of 5%, although the data were limited by the use of different clinical definitions of bleeding, and all but 1 study used warfarin . To date, only 1 prospective study evaluating the use of rivaroxaban has been published in patients with UEDVT associated with catheters .…”

Section: Key Research Questions In Studies Evaluating Upper Extremitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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