Post-synthetic Covalent Organic Framework to Improve the Performance of Solid-State Li⁺ Electrolytes

Abstract

As a new class of crystalline materials, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have long-range ordered channels and feasibility to functionalize. The well-arranged pores make it possible to contain and transport ions. Here, we designed a novel functionalized anionic COF-SS-Li by a post-synthetic method utilizing the Povarov reaction of BDTA-COF, anchoring −SO3 – groups to the COF backbone and converting the imine linkage to a more stable quinoline unit. The grafted −SO3 – groups and directional channels can promote the lithium-ion transport through a hopping mechanism. As a solid-state lithium-ion electrolyte, COF-SS-Li exhibits the conductivities of 9.63 × 10–5 S cm–1 at 20 °C and 1.28 × 10–4 S cm–1 at 40 °C and a wide electrochemical window of 4.85 V. The assembled Li|COF-SS-Li|Li symmetric cell can cycle stably for 600 h at 0.1 mA cm–2. Also, the Li|COF-SS-Li|LiFePO4 cell delivers an initial capacity of 117 mAh g–1 at 0.1 A g–1 and retains a capacity rate of 56.7% after 500 cycles. The research enriches the solid-state electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries.

Covalent organic frameworks and their composites for rechargeable batteries

“…207 The COFs act as a host to accommodate the ILs and lithium salts, achieving high thermal stability and fast Li + conduction over a wide temperature range. Zhang et al 222 prepared functionalized anion COF (COF-SS-Li) through post synthesis method and used it as SSEs for LIBs. The ion conductivity of COF-SS-Li was 1.28 × 10 −4 S cm −1 at 40 °C and did not decompose significantly when 4.85 V was reached.…”

Covalent Organic Frameworks: Their Composites and Derivatives for Rechargeable Metal-Ion Batteries

“…However, the majority of reported ionic COFs were constructed using imine bonds, which exhibited undesirable stability due to the dynamic reversibility of imine bonds. In a study conducted by Zhang et al, sodium p -styrenesulfonate was grafted onto the COF backbone and the imine ligation of COF was converted into quinoline units . Additionally, the functionalization of grafted anion −SO 3 – groups contributed to the improvement of lithium-ion transport.…”