Post-stroke visual rehabilitation - the impact on life quality of the stroke survival patients - a brief review

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Introduction: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is an important acute disease of myocardial tissue, that occurs as a result of an imbalance between coronary blood supply and myocardial demand. Isoproterenol (ISO) is a synthetic catecholamine, a beta-adrenergic agonist that produces extensive biochemical, functional, and histological alterations in the heart, characteristic for AMI. The present study has been designed to identify the best dose of ISO that induces electrocardiogram (ECG) alterations, enzymatic reaction, and histopathological changes characteristic of AMI. Material and method: AMI was induced to Wistar-Bratislava white male rats, using three different subcutaneous doses of ISO (85 mg/kg bw, 100 mg/kg bw, and 150 mg/kg bw). ISO was administrated twice, with the second dose at 24h after the initial one. The ECGs were recorded at 24 hours after the last dose of ISO. Blood samples were collected for measurement of creatine kinase (CK), and CK-MB serum levels, and the hearts were excised and prepared for histopathologic examination. Results and discussions: All doses of ISO induced alterations in the ECG patterns such as increased heart rate and prolongation of QT and QTc intervals. Depression of the ST segment coupled with marked T wave inversion were observed at the doses of 100 mg/kg bw and 150 mg/kg bw of ISO. All doses of ISO induced an elevation of CK and CK-MB with highest levels observed for the dose of 150 mg/kg bw. Histopathologic examination revealed subendocardial AMI lesions for all doses tested. Conclusions: ISO in doses of 100 mg/kg and 150 mg/kg is useful for induction of infarct-like lesion on ECG, increased levels of myocardial necrosis enzymes and morphological changes characteristic for AMI.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental model of acute myocardial infarction for evaluation of prevention and rehabilitation strategies in cardiovascular diseases – a pilot study

Boarescu

Bocşan

et al. 2019

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“…If eye-hand coordination recovers through sensors and functional electrical stimulation, there is possibility for a more rapid progress in neurorehabilitation. A more clear characterisation of eye-hand coordination regarding the connection between ocular motor control and manual motor control will improve the understanding of its role in upper limb motor rehabilitation after stroke (31). Therefore eye-hand coordination (also known as eye-hand coupling, visuo-manual coordination or oculo-manual synergy) physiology is defined as the coordinated control of eye movements associated with the fine movements of the hands toward a given target, reaching the target and performing the desired work (32).…”

Section: Human-robotic Interface -Role In Stroke Rehabilitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The importance of visuo-motor coordination in upper limb rehabilitation after ischemic stroke by robotic therapy

Bulboacă

Stănescu

Dogaru

et al. 2019

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Stroke is an acute hypoperfusion of cerebral parenchyma that most often leads to outstanding motor deficits that can last for the rest of the patient’s life. The purpose of the neurorehabilitation process is to limit, as far is possible for the motor deficits and to bring the patient to an independent life. A modern method consists in robotic neurorehabilitation which is more and more used, associated with functional electrical stimulation (FES). At the lower limb, the use of robotic rehabilitation associated with FES is already considered a success due to relatively stereotypical movements of the lower limb. In opposition, the upper limb is more difficult to rehabilitate due to its more complex movements. Therefore, eye-hand coordination (EHC) constitutes an important factor that is conditioning the rehabilitation progress. The eye-hand coordination can be brutally disturbed by stroke with critical consequences on motor-executive component. The EHC development depends on the interaction between a feedback complex and the prediction of the upper limb motility in the space, and requires the association between visual system, oculomotor system and hand motor system. We analyzed the stroke impact on this sensorial-motor functional integration and looked for a possible solution for the interruption of coordination between eyes and the movements of the superior limb. We consider that our study can contribute to a better understanding and to a faster rehabilitation of the motor deficit in the upper limb after stroke. Key words: stroke, rehabilitation, eye-hand coordination, robotic neurorehabilitation,

“…HH persistence is a negative predictor for patients outcome despite the motor and speech rehabilitation therapies efforts (12). It is possible that adding a systematic vision rehabilitation to other methods for stroke rehabilitation could consistently improve patient's quality of life (13,14). Many strategies that already developed in this research field of HH rehabilitation met scepticism in scientifically communities, therefore, clinical approaching was not constant followed, and there is no consensus regarding the methods and therapies applied in this form of visual disabilities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Homonymous hemianopsia versus unilateral spatial neglect rehabilitation strategies in stroke patients

Bulboacă

Stănescu

et al. 2019

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Visual rehabilitation therapy is one of the most problematic issue in stroke rehabilitation. The difficulties consist in specific assessment of visual deficit and poor results reports by the authors of the clinical studies. Opposite, experimental studies reports encouraging results that give hopes in this specific rehabilitation therapy. There are still difficult to analyze different aquisitions concerning various visual residual deficits after stroke, the main rehabilitation targgets being motor rehabilitation in order to ensure at least a partial autonomy in day by day life. All the studies that proved there are chances for a better quality of life if there is an improvement of visual abilities together with motor and cognitive skills with a better rehabilitation prognosis. The aim of this paper is to make a brief report regarding two of the most important visual deficits after stroke as are homonymous hemianopsia and neglect. Starting with differential diagnosis, neuroplasticity and specific rehabilitation available method, the main issues are discussed. a better understanding of phenomena that are associated with spontaneous rehabilitation, or enhancing the progress of recuperation by various method, could be able to bring a new light and hopefully better results in rehabilitation for these patients Key words: stroke, visual impairment, visual rehabilitation, neuroplasticity, homonymous hemianopsia,