Post-Soviet Space: Prospects for Transformation and Impact on International Security System

Abstract

The paper describes the main factors affecting the prospects for transformation of the post-Soviet space, including the historical aspect, the current state of security in this area and the impact of the major external actors on it (US, EU, China, Iran, etc.), including such organizations as the CSTO, SCO and NATO. The article emphasises the importance of the political dialogue between major political actors in terms of strengthening security in the region and the world on the whole. Possible scenarios for the development of the situation in the former Soviet Union countries are considered. KeywordsPost-Soviet space, Security, Political dialogue, Russia, USA, China, CSTO, SCO, NATO A Brief Historical Overview24 years ago the Soviet Union disintergrated and Commonwealth of Independent States was formed (CIS). In the light of the recent events it is more and more difficult to present the post-Soviet space as a single international political region: the self-identification of the individual Member States takes place not on a regional level, but a subregional one. The individual CIS countries often consider themselves to belong to more than one subregion. Such an attitude makes it possible to persue a multi-vector foreign policy and balance between the interests of various regional powers. Thus, a number of CIS countries joined several similar in composition and functions regional organizations. For example, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan are members of both Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), which have largely overlapping objectives basically aimes at the struggle against new challenges and threats.The opening of the post-Soviet space to the impact of global and regional organizations and political actors has played an important role in its further transformation. These processes have led not only to the formation of new crossborder relations between the states belonging to this space, and the countries of the"far abroad", but also to the fragmentation of the former Soviet Union space and its peculiar "internationalization". These process were also affected by the internationalization of the security challenges, including the strengthening of local conflicts, the formation of international criminal and terrorist organizations (religious and nationalistic extremists, smugglers, etc.), who started more and more actively exploiting the Eurasian space.

Glimpse of Security Architecture of Post-Soviet Space: The Soviet Legacy

“…3) Ensuring internal stability and the absence of conflicts between them. (Guseletov, 2015) If the above defined domestic threats are present in at least one or several countries of a region, they exceptionally intensify outside threats, not just for separate states of the region, but for the region as a whole. This is especially apparent in such regions, which are objects of attention, and consequently confrontation, of leading world powers or power centers, due to their special strategic, economic and military-political significance.…”

“…In reacting to the pro-Western regime change in Ukraine in February 2014 by reincorporating Crimea into Russia, and later by supporting an anti-Kiev revolt in the eastern Donbas region, Russia broke free from the U.S. domination in post-Cold War system and openly challenged Washington. (Guseletov, 2015) The recent developments of political policies in regional states highlight the different trajectories and processes of democratization in states of former communist rule. The experience gained through ongoing democratization processes measure level of democracies in general, successful cases and current challenges and obstacles to democratization.…”

Technology Transfer and Objective Assessment of Science and World Priority

“…Worthy of notice in this issue are for Society a critical analysis of post-Soviet space provided by one of the past closest associate of Gorbachiev [1], for Hardware new avenues in nanomaterials industry open by graphene and carbon nanotubes utilization with Li-ion batteries, conductive films and thermoset composites [2], for Cancer the combined application to melanoma of old immunology and new nanogenetics with recent FDA approval of a vaccine called Pembroizumab [3], for Space the asteroids [4] and the iron derivation from the core of Supernova [5] during its gigantic explosion monitored by the European satellite integral built, as for carbon time ago [6]. In addition to address the above sectors in NanoWorld (NWJ) we are: We are releasing this second issue with a 20 percent rejection versus zero percent rejection of the first issue.…”