Post Processing of 3D Printed Metal Scaffolds: a Preliminary Study of Antimicrobial Efficiency

Ginestra, Paola; Ceretti, Elisabetta; Lobo, David Angelats; Lowther, Morgan; Cruchley, Sam; Kuehne, Sarah A.; Villapún, Victor M.; Cox, Sophie C.; Grover, Liam M.; Shepherd, Duncan E.T.; Attallah, Moataz M.; Addison, Owen; Webber, Mark A.

doi:10.1016/j.promfg.2020.04.126

Cited by 24 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Additionally, the mineralization can be beneficial for the majority of joint arthroplasty, whereas it may be a disadvantage for components designed to be removed in the short term. Another important aspect that will be considered in future studies is the analysis of the outcomes of this research on bacterial adhesion, as already noted by the authors [75].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Selective Laser Melting and Electron Beam Melting of Ti6Al4V for Orthopedic Applications: A Comparative Study on the Applied Building Direction

et al. 2020

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The 3D printing process offers several advantages to the medical industry by producing complex and bespoke devices that accurately reproduce customized patient geometries. Despite the recent developments that strongly enhanced the dominance of additive manufacturing (AM) techniques over conventional methods, processes need to be continually optimized and controlled to obtain implants that can fulfill all the requirements of the surgical procedure and the anatomical district of interest. The best outcomes of an implant derive from optimal compromise and balance between a good interaction with the surrounding tissue through cell attachment and reduced inflammatory response mainly caused by a weak interface with the native tissue or bacteria colonization of the implant surface. For these reasons, the chemical, morphological, and mechanical properties of a device need to be designed in order to assure the best performances considering the in vivo environment components. In particular, complex 3D geometries can be produced with high dimensional accuracy but inadequate surface properties due to the layer manufacturing process that always entails the use of post-processing techniques to improve the surface quality, increasing the lead times of the whole process despite the reduction of the supply chain. The goal of this work was to provide a comparison between Ti6Al4V samples fabricated by selective laser melting (SLM) and electron beam melting (EBM) with different building directions in relation to the building plate. The results highlighted the influence of the process technique on osteoblast attachment and mineralization compared with the building orientation that showed a limited effect in promoting a proper osseointegration over a long-term period.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Selective Laser Melting and Electron Beam Melting of Ti6Al4V for Orthopedic Applications: A Comparative Study on the Applied Building Direction

et al. 2020

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“…116 Nevertheless, microbial attachment is a complex process dependent on numerous physicochemical properties and differs between bacterial species with limited knowledge available in the literature. Research by Ginestra et al 117 and Villapún et al 118 both discuss the necessity of combining physical and chemical approaches to effectively prevent and treat medical device infections. The current research on metallic implants is pointing out the possibility of fine tuning the topology and chemistry of biomaterials with natural antimicrobial properties to increase effectiveness.…”

Section: Surface Modificationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A call for action to the biomaterial community to tackle antimicrobial resistance

et al. 2020

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“…Once the process is completed, the unmelted powder is typically collected with a vacuum cleaner to be reused. PBF-LB allows the fabrication of almost fully dense metallic parts with the advantage of a high degree of precision and freedom of design [8,9]. In fact, it is possible to produce porous structures not obtainable with the traditional technologies [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical characterization and properties of laser-based powder bed–fused lattice structures: a review

Riva

Ginestra

Ceretti

2021

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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The increasing demand for a wider access to additive manufacturing technologies is driving the production of metal lattice structure with powder bed fusion techniques, especially laser-based powder bed fusion. Lattice structures are porous structures formed by a controlled repetition in space of a designed base unit cell. The tailored porosity, the low weight, and the tunable mechanical properties make the lattice structures suitable for applications in fields like aerospace, automotive, and biomedicine. Due to their wide-spectrum applications, the mechanical characterization of lattice structures is mostly carried out under compression tests, but recently, tensile, bending, and fatigue tests have been carried out demonstrating the increasing interest in these structures developed by academy and industry. Although their physical and mechanical properties have been extensively studied in recent years, there still are no specific standards for their characterization. In the absence of definite standards, this work aims to collect the parameters used by recent researches for the mechanical characterization of metal lattice structures. By doing so, it provides a comparison guide within tests already carried out, allowing the choice of optimal parameters to researchers before testing lattice samples. For every mechanical test, a detailed review of the process design, test parameters, and output is given, suggesting that a specific standard would enhance the collaboration between all the stakeholders and enable an acceleration of the translation process.

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Post Processing of 3D Printed Metal Scaffolds: a Preliminary Study of Antimicrobial Efficiency

Cited by 24 publications

References 16 publications

Selective Laser Melting and Electron Beam Melting of Ti6Al4V for Orthopedic Applications: A Comparative Study on the Applied Building Direction

Selective Laser Melting and Electron Beam Melting of Ti6Al4V for Orthopedic Applications: A Comparative Study on the Applied Building Direction

A call for action to the biomaterial community to tackle antimicrobial resistance

Mechanical characterization and properties of laser-based powder bed–fused lattice structures: a review

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