Post-polymerisation approaches for the rapid modification of conjugated polymer properties

Rimmele, Martina; Glöcklhofer, Florian; Heeney, Martin

doi:10.1039/d2mh00519k

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 133 publications

(231 reference statements)

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“…Since a single batch of F8FBT was used for all functionalization, a series of CPEs with consistent polymer repeat length and dispersity is produced, avoiding the issues with molecular weight variation that often come from random copolymerizations. [ 20 ] We find that all the CPEs can significantly increase device efficiency relative to devices with only conventional cathodes (Ca/Al). Thus a device incorporating a CPE with 50% functionalization (CPE‐50%), together with the emissive polymer F8BT gives 20.3 cd A −1 at 5.8 V and 20.2 lm W −1 at 2.4 V, which is state of art for thin (70 nm) F8BT conventional PLEDs with CPE.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionic Density Control of Conjugated Polyelectrolytes via Postpolymerization Modification to Enhance Hole‐Blocking Property for Highly Efficient PLEDs with Fast Response Times

Yan

Cong

Dabóczi

et al. 2023

Advanced Optical Materials

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For an ideal electron interlayer, both electron injection and hole‐blocking properties are important to achieve better polymer light‐emitting devices (PLEDs) performance. Conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs) are applied widely in PLEDs to enhance charge injection. Understanding the role of backbone structures and energetic matching between the CPEs and emitters can benefit charge injection and balance. Herein, a postpolymerization approach to introduce varying amounts of alkyl sulfonate groups onto the backbone of a copolymer of 5‐fluoro‐2,1,3‐benzothiadiazole and 9,9′‐dioctylfluorene is utilized. This study finds that device performance is dependent on the percentage of sulfonate groups incorporated, with the optimal copolymer (CPE‐50%) maintaining efficient ohmic electron injection and gaining enhanced hole‐blocking properties, thereby achieving the most balanced hole/electron current. Therefore, the PLED with CPE‐50% interlayer exhibits the highest efficiency (20.3 cd A−1, 20.2 lm W−1) and the fastest response time (4.3 µs), which is the highest efficiency among conventional thin (70 nm) F8BT PLEDs with CPEs. These results highlight the importance of balanced charge carrier density in CPEs and highlight that postpolymerization modification is a useful method for fine‐tuning ionic content.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionic Density Control of Conjugated Polyelectrolytes via Postpolymerization Modification to Enhance Hole‐Blocking Property for Highly Efficient PLEDs with Fast Response Times

Yan

Cong

Dabóczi

et al. 2023

Advanced Optical Materials

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“…Conjugated polymers (CPs) are an important component of bulk-heterojunctional OPDs in which structure modification of CPs can adjust their molecular aggregation, charge transport, and optoelectronic properties. − CPs possess unique semiconductor properties, and understanding how to control their optoelectronic performance is critical for designing CPs with improved photoresponse characteristics. A large number of studies in the field of organic electronics show that the halogenation strategy is an ideal method to improve the optoelectronic properties of CPs. − Fluorine (F) substitution, in particular, can not only adjust the energy level structure of CPs but also improve their crystallinity, trap density, and mobility. − Bai et al found that in D-A-type CPs, fluorination of electron-donating units can suppress density of trap states in the active layer, effectively enhancing performance of OPDs . Additionally, Park et al studied the effect of fluorinated alkyl chains in CPs on J dark and D* of OPDs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorinated Conjugated Polymers Enabled Enhanced Detectivity in Organic Near-Infrared Photodetectors

Tu,

Yao,

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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Halogen substitution is often used to regulate the photoelectric properties of conjugated polymers (CPs). In particular, fluorine substitution can not only regulate the energy level of CPs but also improve their crystallinity, trap density, and mobility. However, the correlation between the molecule structure of fluorinated CPs and performance of organic photodetectors (OPDs) still remains unclear and is influenced by complex factors. In this work, we have systematically investigated the effect of fluorinated building blocks in CPs on the performance of OPDs specifically considering the number of fluorine (F) atoms. We found that increasing the number of fluorine atoms in CPs gradually deepened their highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy levels. Notably, PFBDB-T-2F with four F substitutions exhibited a deep HOMO (−5.73 eV) close to the acceptor (−5.75 eV), effectively blocking minority carrier injection from the electrodes and inhibiting dark current (J dark). Consequently, the OPDs based on PFBDB-T-2F demonstrated nearly 3 orders of magnitude higher detectivity (D* = 1.06 × 1013 Jones) compared to that without fluorination. Furthermore, a trade-off between D* and responsivity (R) was observed in OPDs based on the fluorinated CPs. The excessively deep HOMO level in PFBDB-T-2F and the large phase separation of the blend film reduce the carrier collection efficiency of the device and thus decrease the R of PFBDB-T-2F-based OPDs. These findings expose the importance of carefully managing the number of fluorine atoms in the backbone of CPs to achieve a balance between detectivity and responsivity in OPDs.

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“…30 While adjusting the backbone structures of CPs allows fine-tuning of their electrical properties, installing functional side chain groups facilitates the interfacing between CPs and organisms for bioelectronic applications. [31][32][33] To improve the solubility in biocompatible aqueous media, water-soluble conjugated polymers (WSCPs) are commonly equipped with ionic side chains of positive (quaternary ammonium groups) or negative charges (carboxylate or sulfonate groups). 34 Through electrostatic interactions, these charged side chains also allow WSCPs to selectively bind to membranes of cellular compartments and establish an interfacial assembly between WSCPs and living organisms, such as bacteria, thylakoids, chloroplasts, and Cyanobacteria, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water-soluble conjugated polymers for bioelectronic systems

et al. 2023

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Post-polymerisation approaches for the rapid modification of conjugated polymer properties

Abstract: Post-polymerisation functionalisation provides a facile and efficient way for the introduction of functional groups on the backbone of conjugated polymers. Using post-polymerisation functionalisation approaches, the polymer chain length is usually...

Cited by 10 publications

References 133 publications

Ionic Density Control of Conjugated Polyelectrolytes via Postpolymerization Modification to Enhance Hole‐Blocking Property for Highly Efficient PLEDs with Fast Response Times

Ionic Density Control of Conjugated Polyelectrolytes via Postpolymerization Modification to Enhance Hole‐Blocking Property for Highly Efficient PLEDs with Fast Response Times

Fluorinated Conjugated Polymers Enabled Enhanced Detectivity in Organic Near-Infrared Photodetectors

Water-soluble conjugated polymers for bioelectronic systems

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