Post-Partum Hemorrhage is still killing mothers in Bangladesh: Inhaled oxytocin (IHO) can help

Abstract

The main cause of maternal death in Bangladesh is postpartum hemorrhage (PPH). PPH accounts for 31%of maternal deaths. Proven interventions to prevent maternal mortality are active management of third stage of labour (AMTSL) and the availability of comprehensive emergency obstetric care (CEmOC); both include the administration of oxytocin. Traditional parenteral oxytocin administration requires a consistent cold chain and for a skilled attendant to administer the injection. Inhaled oxytocin (IHO), which does not require a cold chain, has been shown to have similar efficacy to parenteral oxytocin, in preventing PPH. In Bangladesh there are non-functioning institutionalized guidelines from the Director General of Health Services on the storage of parenteral oxytocin, which may impact the potency of oxytocin used during labour. To reduce preventable PPH morbidity and mortality, Bangladesh needs to consider replacing parenteral oxytocin with IHO, as the cold chain capacity in Bangladesh is strained, and institutional guidelines for injectable oxytocin are not used. In parallel, Bangladesh should also continue efforts to ensure universal access to quality AMSTL and CEmOC services.

Recent progress in drying technologies for improving the stability and delivery efficiency of biopharmaceuticals

“…Currently, oxytocin injections are applied to cease the hemorrhage. Oxytocin products require cold chain transport and storage, which are hardly affordable in low- and middle-income countries (Carvalho et al 2020 ; Rahman et al 2021 ). In order to address such urgent need for dried powders of oxytocin, devoid of cold supply chain, some of which have undergone preclinical (McArthur et al 2017 ) and clinical trials (GlaxoSmithKline 2015 ; Fernando et al 2017 ) to test their viability.…”