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February 2012The Levy Economics Institute Working Paper Collection presents research in progress by Levy Institute scholars and conference participants. The purpose of the series is to disseminate ideas to and elicit comments from academics and professionals.Levy Economics Institute of Bard College, founded in 1986, is a nonprofit, nonpartisan, independently funded research organization devoted to public service. Through scholarship and economic research it generates viable, effective public policy responses to important economic problems that profoundly affect the quality of life in the United States and abroad.
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ABSTRACTThis paper augments the basic Post-Keynesian markup model to examine the effects of different fiscal policies on prices and income distribution. This is an approach à la Hyman P.Minsky, who argued that in the modern era, government is both "a blessing and a curse,"since it stabilizes profits and output by imparting an inflationary bias to the economy, but without stabilizing the economy at or near full employment. To build on these insights, the This paper presents a framework for thinking about the comparative macroeconomic advantages and disadvantages of alternative fiscal policies. Recall that, for Keynes, the very reason for the existence of fiscal policy was to correct the two outstanding faults of society, namely: 1) its failure to produce and preserve full employment; and 2) its inability to secure a more equitable income distribution. The paper evaluates different fiscal policies in light of their ability to address these two fundamental problems. Note that when Keynes advocated an expanded role for government in the context of its objective to secure full employment, he did not advocate just any kind of big government. He favored fiscal policy via direct public employment programs both in contractions and in expansions (Tcherneva 2011(Tcherneva , 2012.Direct job creation and public investment are no longer the policies of first resort when dealing with unemployment and business fluctuations. Indeed, income support to households 1 This figure includes transfer payments to households, and states and subsidies to firms, which do not enter the GDP calculations. It is a gross figure that does not account for total government receipts. If it did, the federal government's net dissaving (i.e., the federal government deficit) would equal 9 percent of GDP in 2010.
3(in the form of unemployment ...