Post-irradiation modulation of ionizing radiation damage to plants

Klein, Richard M.; Klein, Deana T.

doi:10.1007/bf02868684

Cited by 19 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 203 publications

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“…Additionally, interactions between environmental impacts such as ionising radiation and the corresponding repair mechanisms are known: e.g. increased survival rates after ultraviolet light (UV) exposure were obtained for chick embryo cells following treatment with a 60 Hz EMF of only 8 µT field strength (Dicarlo et al 1999), thus confirming earlier results (Mericle et al 1966;Klein and Klein 1971). A magnetic field influence that was strongly dependent on redundant antioxidants scavenging ROS was found by Jajte et al (2003).…”

Section: Radical-pair Mechanismsupporting

confidence: 73%

Magnetoreception in plants

2005

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This article reviews phenomena of magnetoreception in plants and provides a survey of the relevant literature over the past 80 years. Plants react in a multitude of ways to geomagnetic fields-strong continuous fields as well as alternating magnetic fields. In the past, physiological investigations were pursued in a somewhat unsystematic manner and no biological advantage of any magnetoresponse is immediately obvious. As a result, most studies remain largely on a phenomenological level and are in general characterised by a lack of mechanistic insight, despite the fact that physics provides several theories that serve as paradigms for magnetoreception. Beside ferrimagnetism, which is well proved for bacterial magnetotaxis and for some cases of animal navigation, two further mechanisms for magnetoreception are currently receiving major attention: (1) the "radical-pair mechanism" consisting of the modulation of singlet-triplet interconversion rates of a radical pair by weak magnetic fields, and (2) the "ion cyclotron resonance" mechanism. The latter mechanism centres around the fact that ions should circulate in a plane perpendicular to an external magnetic field with their Lamor frequencies, which can interfere with an alternating electromagnetic field. Both mechanisms provide a theoretical framework for future model-guided investigations in the realm of plant magnetoreception.

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Section: Radical-pair Mechanismsupporting

confidence: 73%

Magnetoreception in plants

2005

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“…This is particularly interesting due to the evolutionary distance between these species, and because the type of melanin produced and the melanization pathway are very different in both organisms (Feng et al, 2001). Inhibiting growth has been shown to promote survival after radiation exposure in bacteria (Alper and Gillies, 1960;Haynes, 1966), fungi (Patrick et al, 1964;Sommer et al, 1964), plants (Klein and Klein, 1971) and mammals (Phillips and Tolmach, 1966;Millar et al, 1978), with this effect being attributed to an increase in DNA repair prior to resumption of growth. If melanin has a similar effect on the growth rate of other species, it is clear that this should be taken into account when considering its radioprotective properties.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic analysis reveals the relationship of melanization to growth and resistance to gamma radiation in Cryptococcus neoformans

Schultzhaus¹,

Chen

Kim

et al. 2019

Environmental Microbiology

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Summary The pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans produces melanin within its cell wall for infection and resistance against external stresses such as exposure to UV, temperature fluctuations and reactive oxygen species. It has been reported that melanin may also protect cells from ionizing radiation damage, against which C. neoformans is extremely resistant. This has tagged melanin as a potential radioprotective biomaterial. Here, we report the effect of melanin on the transcriptomic response of C. neoformans to gamma radiation. We did not observe a substantial protective effect of melanin against gamma radiation, and the general gene expression patterns in irradiated cells were independent of the presence of melanin. However, melanization itself dramatically altered the C. neoformans transcriptome, primarily by repressing genes involved in respiration and cell growth. We suggest that, in addition to providing a physical and chemical barrier against external stresses, melanin production alters the transcriptional landscape of C. neoformans with the result of increased resistance to uncertain environmental conditions. This observation demonstrates the importance of the melanization process in understanding the stress response of C. neoformans and for understanding fungal physiology.

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“…Radioprotective and radiosensitising effects of growth hormones are reported in Crepis capillaris, Carthamus tinctorius, maize, pea etc . (Araratyan et al 1975, Chauhan 1980, Gaur and Notani 1963, Klein and Klein 1971, Mikhaliov et al 1980. Ionizing radiations affect endogenous auxin content in the treated plants (Gordon 1957).…”

Section: Growth Hormonesmentioning

confidence: 99%