Post-invasion events after infection with Staphylococcus aureus are strongly dependent on both the host cell type and the infecting S. aureus strain

Strobel, Marlit Karen; Pförtner, Henrike; Tuchscherr, Lorena; Völker, Uwe; Schmidt, Frank; Kramko, Nadzeya; Schnittler, Hans-Joachim; Fraunholz, Martin; Löffler, Bettina; Peters, Georg; Niemann, Silke

doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2016.06.020

Cited by 137 publications

(168 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Whereas several earlier studies have described the capacity of S. aureus to persist inside human cells, including non-professional phagocytes such as endothelial cells, other studies clearly showed the extreme propensity of this pathogen to rapidly kill infected cells (Loffler et al, 2014; Jubrail et al, 2016; Strobel et al, 2016). These apparent discrepancies are likely due the heterogeneity of protocols used to infect cells.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Initially classified as strict extracellular pathogen, S. aureus is now considered as a non-classical facultative intracellular pathogen (Sendi and Proctor, 2009). Indeed, numerous cell types can ingest S. aureus and the bacterium is able to persist within these cells for quite variable periods of time (Fraunholz and Sinha, 2012; Strobel et al, 2016). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We focused on endothelial cells that have been shown to readily internalize staphylococci in vitro (Strobel et al, 2016). We quantitatively and qualitatively followed the behavior of intracellular bacteria, by using a combination of confocal and electron microscopy and live-cell imaging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intracellular Survival of Staphylococcus aureus in Endothelial Cells: A Matter of Growth or Persistence

et al. 2017

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The Gram-positive human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of severe bacterial infections. Recent studies have shown that various cell types could readily internalize S. aureus and infected cells have been proposed to serve as vehicle for the systemic dissemination of the pathogen. Here we focused on the intracellular behavior of the Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus strain USA300. Supporting earlier observations, we found that wild-type S. aureus strain USA300 persisted for longer period within endothelial cells than within macrophages and that a mutant displaying the small colony variant phenotype (ΔhemDBL) had increased intracellular persistence. Time-lapse microscopy revealed that initial persistence of wild-type bacteria in endothelial cells corresponded to distinct single cell events, ranging from active intracellular bacterial proliferation, leading to cell lysis, to non-replicating bacterial persistence even 1 week after infection. In sharp contrast, ΔhemDBL mutant bacteria were essentially non-replicating up to 10 days after infection. These findings suggest that internalization of S. aureus in endothelial cells triggers its persistence and support the notion that endothelial cells might constitute an intracellular persistence niche responsible for reported relapse of infection after antibiotic therapy.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intracellular Survival of Staphylococcus aureus in Endothelial Cells: A Matter of Growth or Persistence

et al. 2017

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“…Staphylococcus aureus invades a variety of non‐professional phagocytic cells (NPPC): epithelial and endothelial cells, osteoblasts, fibroblast, keratinocytes, and others (see, for instance, Strobel et al, ; Horn, Stelzner, Rudel, & Fraunholz, ). Internalised S .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In or out: Phagosomal escape ofStaphylococcus aureus

Moldovan

Fraunholz

2019

Cellular Microbiology

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Staphylococcus aureus is internalised by host cells in vivo, and recent research results suggest that the bacteria use this intracellularity to persist in the host and form a reservoir for recurrent infections. However, in different cells types, the pathogen resorts to alternative strategies to survive phagocytosis and the antimicrobial mechanisms of host cells. In non‐professional phagocytes, S. aureus either escapes the endosome followed by cytoplasmic replication or replicates within autophagosomes. Professional phagocytes possess a limited capacity to kill S. aureus and hence the bacteria, well equipped with immune evasive mechanisms, replicate within the cells, eventually lyse out of the cells and thus persist in a continuous cycle of phagocytosis, host cell death, and bacterial release.

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“…Previously, we have shown that the formation of autophagosomes facilitates the replication of S aureus in bovine mammary epithelial cells . The survival strategies of the pathogen are as diverse as strains or host cell types used . Although reports on S aureus and autophagy are increasing, none proves whether S aureus escapes or subverts autophagy in bovine macrophages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Staphylococcus aureus facilitates its survival in bovine macrophages by blocking autophagic flux

Cai

Zhou

et al. 2020

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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Staphylococcus aureus is a pathogen that is the causative agent of several human and veterinary infections and plays a critical role in the clinical and subclinical mastitis of cattle. Autophagy is a conserved pathogen defence mechanism in eukaryotes. Studies have reported that S aureus can subvert autophagy and survive in cells. Staphylococcus aureus survival in cells is an important cause of chronic persistent mastitis infection. However, it is unclear whether S aureus can escape autophagy in innate immune cells. In this study, initiation of autophagy due to the presence of S aureus was detected in bovine macrophages. We observed autophagic vacuoles increased after S aureus infection of bovine macrophages by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It was also found that S aureus‐infected bovine macrophages increased the expression of LC3 at different times(0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3 and 4 hours). Data also showed the accumulation of p62 induced by S aureus infection. Application of autophagy regulatory agents showed that the degradation of p62 was blocked in S aureus induced bovine macrophages. In addition, we also found that the accumulation of autophagosomes promotes S aureus to survive in macrophage cells. In conclusion, this study indicates that autophagy occurs in S aureus‐infected bovine macrophages but is blocked at a later stage of autophagy. The accumulation of autophagosomes facilitates the survival of S aureus in bovine macrophages. These findings provide new insights into the interaction of S aureus with autophagy in bovine macrophages.

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Post-invasion events after infection with Staphylococcus aureus are strongly dependent on both the host cell type and the infecting S. aureus strain

Cited by 137 publications

References 30 publications

Intracellular Survival of Staphylococcus aureus in Endothelial Cells: A Matter of Growth or Persistence

Intracellular Survival of Staphylococcus aureus in Endothelial Cells: A Matter of Growth or Persistence

In or out: Phagosomal escape ofStaphylococcus aureus

Staphylococcus aureus facilitates its survival in bovine macrophages by blocking autophagic flux

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