Post-injection thrombophlebitis in patients undergoing peripheral IV catheterization in a tertiary care hospital: incidence and risk factors

Abstract

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Intravenous catheters cause endothelial damage and trauma, which can predispose to venous thrombosis. Peripheral vein infusion thrombophlebitis occurs in 25- 35% of hospitalized patients with intravenous catheters and has both patient-related implications (e.g., sepsis) and economic consequences (e.g., extra nursing time). This study is designed to address this issue, by assessing the potential risk factors in those who have developed phlebitis, and deriving conclusions based on the same.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A total of 830 patients were observed over a period of 2 months. All details of the patient were collected. Thrombophlebitis was graded using Visual Infusion Phlebitis Score. Each case was compared with a matching control. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> 53 of 830 patients observed, developed thrombophlebitis giving an incidence of 6.4%. 92.5% had IV cannulation flushed after insertion. IV cannula had to be changed at least 2 times during the hospital stay. All had an average IV cannulation for 5 days. All had insertion of same size cannula (20G). Level 1 Phlebitis was identified in 64.15% patients, level 2 Phlebitis in 33.96% patients and Level 3 Phlebitis was seen 1.88% patients.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Significant association was noted between the number of times the catheter was changed since admission and administration of Potassium chloride and Certain Medications such as Piperacillin through the cannula.</p>

To Compare Central Venous Catheter and Peripheral Intravenous Catheter in Patients of Laparotomy: An Observational Comparative Study

“…Among these, 53 participants developed thrombophlebitis which gives an incidence of 6.4%. [9] In study Dragana Simin for incidence, severity and risk factors of peripheral intravenous catheter-induced complications Phlebitis ranked first among complications with occurrence of 44%, followed by extravasation of 16.3%, while the incidence of occlusion and catheter dislodgement was 7.6% and 5.6%, respectively compare to this in our study (n=25) rate of phlebitis is 5(20%) ,rate of extravasation 6(24%) and catheter occlusion dysfunction 4(16%). [10] Conclusion : Our present study had concluded that there was significant difference between use of central venous catheter and peripheral intravenous catheter when life span of catheter and catheter related complications were compared the central venous catheter had more life span and less complications.…”

Impact of interventions on the incidence of thrombophlebitis in peripheral venous cannulation in a tertiary care teaching hospital

“…7 According to Rai et al an average time of IV cannulation was 5 days, with use of 20-gauge cannula for all patients. 8 The present study reported phlebitis incidence of 6.3% among 28850 PVCs observed. In the initial months (January, February and March) the incidence of phlebitis was high (9.89%,9.92% and 9.69 respectively).…”

“…Similar result of incidence of thrombophlebitis was reported by Rai et al, they also noted predominantly grade I phlebitis, followed by grade II and very few grades III. 8 In a study by Saji et al out of total 82 patients recruited 50% incidence of thrombophlebitis was reported. 6 61% of them were with grade 1 thrombophlebitis and remaining grade 2 was in 39% of patients without any incidence of grade 3 thrombophlebitis, with no association of thrombophlebitis incidence and risk factors considered.…”