Post-Implantation Alterations in the Surface Topography of Different Implant Systems – A Cross Sectional Pilot Study

Abstract

Background: Micro-surface treatment is claimed to improve cell adhesion and enhance osseointegration. The retainability of the micro-surface treatment post-implantation needs to be assessed. Purpose: The purpose of the study was to estimate the post-implantation changes in the surface topography of different implant surfaces created by the subtractive methods. Material and Methods: Twelve patients aged between 22-45 years participated in the study. 3 different implant systems; MTX surface with hydroxyapatite grit blasting, Microgrip with sandblasting and DPS surface with alumina grit blasting were utilized. The test implants were placed with a torque of 35-40 N and retrieved immediately after placement, followed by placement of a larger diameter implant for delayed loading protocol. The surface topography of the retrieved implant surfaces was examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM)(stereo scan 440) at high magnification (2000 nm). Results: The post-implantation SEM image exhibited altered surface topography that varied between the different implant surface textures. Conclusions: The surface topography varied between different implants based on the types of surface treatments. The sandblasting with acid etchin had better retention of surface topography post-implantation when compared to the other surface treatments. Clinical implication: Torquing of an implant affects the surface topography and it varied for different implant surface treatments without affecting the osseointegration.