Post exposure prophylaxis against human immunodeficiency virus: Awareness knowledge and practice among Nigerian Paediatricians

Odinaka, KK; Edelu, BO; Nwolisa, CE; Amamilo, IB; Amamilo, IJ

doi:10.4314/njp.v43i3.7

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…[ 19 – 21 ] The PEP is relevant for emergency intervention in order to decrease the risk of acquiring HIV infections following sexual exposure to an HIV infected partner. [ 22 ] PrEP involves the administration of antiretroviral drugs to an uninfected person, before potential HIV exposure, in order to reduce the risk of infection. [ 20 ] When the virus enters the body, the replication of HIV becomes restrained by PrEP, thereby preventing establishment of permanent infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While many studies have investigated the determinant of PrEP and PEP awareness, little is known about the impact of HIV testing uptake on the awareness and use of PrEP and PEP. In addition, while there are studies on awareness of PEP among health workers in Nigeria, [ 22 , 35 – 38 ] to our knowledge, no studies exist on the level of awareness and use of PrEP and PEP among young adults in the country. Such information could stimulate public debates on HIV prevention policy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Awareness and use of pre-exposure and postexposure prophylaxes among Nigerian university students

et al. 2018

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Despite the recent advances in biomedical preventive strategies, young adults—especially adolescent girls— continue to be disproportionately at risk of acquiring HIV. To avert this trend, it is critical that access to HIV preventive strategies, such as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and postexposure prophylaxis be expanded, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, where young adults are known to engage in risky sexual practices. This study examined awareness levels and use of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) among Nigerian university students.A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 800 students selected using stratified random sampling at 2 Nigerian universities. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis on 784 complete responses.The levels of awareness of PrEP and PEP were 18.9% and 25.4%, respectively. Ever tested for human immunodeficiency virus [HIV] (AOR: 1.58; 95% CI: 1.04–2.42) and knowledge of partner's HIV status (AOR: 1.87; 95% CI: 1.25–2.79) were the significant determinants of awareness to PrEP. In contrast, only ever tested for HIV (AOR: 1.50; 95% CI: 1.02–2.19), knowledge of partner's HIV status (AOR: 1.55; 95% CI: 1.07–2.24), ever used condoms (AOR: 1.65; 95% CI: 1.04–2.62), and nude exchanges (AOR: 1.62; 95% CI: 1.13–2.31) were independent determinants of awareness of PEP. Only a few students had seen (5.6%) or used (1.5%) any prophylaxes.The study findings indicate a low level of awareness and use of PrEP and PEP. To ensure no one is left behind in the goal of elimination of new HIV infections, intervention to expand access to these preventive strategies is needed in the study settings.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Awareness and use of pre-exposure and postexposure prophylaxes among Nigerian university students

et al. 2018

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“…Although precautionary measures to prevent exposure to infected blood via safe practices are in place, occupational exposure still occurs and are mostly underreported [27]. An increase in the numbers of exposed healthcare workers attending health facilities as patients was evidenced by HIV sero-prevalence rates and healthcare workers have justified concerns about the risk of accidental exposure [10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, nurses will not be able to implement the accurate procedure when managing an individual exposed to HIV and this may lead to poor adherence as well as defaulting from the PEP treatment, while in turn, there will be high seroconversion among nurses [1,2]. Such procedures that require training on PEP comprise of counselling, HIV screening, first aid, risk assessment, HIV testing, established informed consent of the exposed individual as well as maintaining confidentiality of the findings and to offer continuous counselling and support to promote adherence [9,13,15,18,27]. Nurses need to be trained on PEP, so that they can acquire relevant knowledge and skills on the management thereof.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These precautionary measures after exposure to HIV are very beneficial to the healthcare workers as they may reduce the likelihood of transmission of the pathogen in the bloodstream, although they may not prevent the transmission of HIV. Furthermore, though many nurses know the immediate steps to take after exposure to infected blood or body fluids, more information on universal precautionary measures should be stressed to all those who have pre-knowledge and students or newly qualified nurses [1,12,20,27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Knowledge regarding post-exposure prophylaxis amongst nurses in an African context

Makhado¹,

Seekane²

2020

HIV & AIDS Review

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Occupational exposure to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among nurses had been reported to be a major challenge in South African and broader African context. There seems to be an increase in the level of exposure and uptake of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) in Africa. This had warranted the need to establish a systematic review on the level of knowledge among nurses regarding PEP in the African continent. The search engines used included: EBSco Host (North-West University [NWU] library), Sabinet, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and PubMed. The search was limited to the current decade (2008-2018), including articles that are in English. Keywords used were: 'knowledge' , 'post-exposure prophylaxis/PEP' , 'HIV' , and 'nurs*'. Thematic evaluation to pick out commonalities of the applications covered in this review have been achieved. The themes identified from the review were: poor knowledge regarding PEP, receiving training on PEP for HIV, immediate steps to take after exposure to infected blood, exposure to HIV, and not taking PEP. There is a strong need to increase the awareness and knowledge regarding PEP as well as to implement training programs to train nurses on the process of PEP in healthcare settings, to increase knowledge on PEP, and thereby decrease seroconversion of HIV. y.

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Occupational post‐exposure prophylaxis among healthcare workers: a scoping review of factors affecting optimal utilization

Auerbach,

Malone,

Forsyth

2024

J Int AIDS Soc.

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IntroductionPost‐exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is an efficacious prevention method when initiated promptly after an HIV exposure. Yet, PEP has been underutilized, even among healthcare workers (HCWs) with occupational exposure in sites with PEP policies and procedures and access to PEP medications. It is important to understand the dynamics of uneven PEP use in what appears to be an optimal context to better protect the health and wellbeing of HCWs.MethodsWe conducted a scoping review to elucidate factors influencing HCWs’ use of PEP after occupational exposure. We searched PubMed, PsychInfo and Google Scholar for peer‐reviewed literature published in English from 2014 to 2022 using the terms HIV, postexposure/post‐exposure prophylaxis, acceptability, healthcare workers, and values and preferences. An inductive narrative review of the resulting 53 studies identified core themes.ResultsNearly all studies (96%) with various HCW types and settings occurred in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs) in Africa and Asia. Identified themes arrayed along a trajectory of PEP use experience: awareness/knowledge; acceptability; availability/access; uptake/use; adherence/completion. Across studies, awareness of PEP for HIV prevention was high, knowledge about drug regimens and healthcare facility policies was moderate to low; acceptability of PEP was moderate to high; PEP's perceived accessibility/availability was inconsistent and varied by geographic location and setting; HCWs’ uptake of PEP was low, affected by not knowing how to report an exposure and being unaware of PEP availability; and adherence/completion of PEP regimens was moderate to low, impeded by side effects and a belief that completing regimens was unnecessary to avert seroconversion. HCWs consistently expressed concern about HIV stigma.DiscussionFindings are limited by the inconsistent use of constructs across studies and a lack of clarity about reporting exposure events. Multi‐level approaches are needed to address the interplay of individual, social and structural barriers that diminish HCWs’ PEP use. Improved training, incident reporting, 24‐hour access to non‐stigmatizing PEP services and monitoring of adherence/completion are essential to optimizing HCWs’ PEP use.ConclusionsLessons from HCWs’ experience in LMICs may inform understanding of PEP under‐use among people in these settings with non‐occupational exposures.

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Post exposure prophylaxis against human immunodeficiency virus: Awareness knowledge and practice among Nigerian Paediatricians

Cited by 5 publications

References 7 publications

Awareness and use of pre-exposure and postexposure prophylaxes among Nigerian university students

Awareness and use of pre-exposure and postexposure prophylaxes among Nigerian university students

Knowledge regarding post-exposure prophylaxis amongst nurses in an African context

Occupational post‐exposure prophylaxis among healthcare workers: a scoping review of factors affecting optimal utilization

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