Post-derivatization procedure for determination of hippuric acid after extraction by an automated micro solid phase extraction system and monitoring by gas chromatography

Separation and quantitative determination of cinacalcet metabolites in urine sample using RP-HPLC after derivation with a fluorescent labeling reagent

“…According to the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) recommendations [24], the approach based on the standard deviation 11 (SD) of the response and the slope was used for determining the detection and quantitation limits. The results obtained are summarized in Table 1.…”

“…In addition, the concentrations of metabolites are trace amount in urine, so it is necessary to establish the method that characterized by high separation efficiency and low LOD and LOQ values. In this context, chemical derivation of the analytes is often used to enhance detection efficiency and sensitivity through signal improvement 4 [11]. One of the most applied methods for signal increasing is labeling of analytes with a fluorescent agents.…”

Three-phase molecularly imprinted sol–gel based hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction combined with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry for enrichment and selective determination of a tentative lung cancer biomarker

“…In this section, linear ranges and LODs of some previously reported works for detection of HA with GC-MS [387], SPE-GC [398] and ion chromatography (IC) [4039] with our study were compared with our study. The results are listed in Table 5.…”

Chromatographic Determination of Toluene and Its Metabolites in Urine for Toluene Exposure – A Review

“…In the approach, an online automatic method for extraction of hippuric acid from urine sample using µ-solid phase extraction with polypyrrole adsorbent system was established [68]. However, post derivatization of hippuric acid by conversion to its methyl ester with methanol in hydrochloric acid was still needed for monitoring the toluene metabolites using GC.…”

“…Meanwhile, Ahmadi et al [68] described a rapid, simple and high sensitive method for extraction of hippuric acid from human urine samples by using an automated micro solid phase extraction system (µ-SPE). However in order to increase sensitivity of gas chromatography with flame ionization detector, a post derivatization procedure was developed.…”