Post-COVID-19 syndrome management: Utilizing the potential of dietary polysaccharides

Cheong, Kit-Leong; Yu, Biao; Teng, Bo; Veeraperumal, Suresh; Xu, Baojun; Zhong, Saiyi; Tan, Karsoon

doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115320

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…Clinical trials using dietary modification, probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation are underway to determine their effectiveness in the treatment of acute COVID-19 and possibly enhance the effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines [152][153][154][155][156][157][158]. Only long-term clinical data and future research shall provide better insight into the complex bidirectional interaction between the virus and the alimentary tract in healthy patients and those with preexisting gastrointestinal diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 and Gastrointestinal Tract: From Pathophysiology to Clinical Manifestations

Vernia,

Ashktorab,

Cesaro

et al. 2023

Medicina

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Background: Since its first report in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, COVID-19 has become a pandemic, affecting millions of people worldwide. Although the virus primarily affects the respiratory tract, gastrointestinal symptoms are also common. The aim of this narrative review is to provide an overview of the pathophysiology and clinical manifestations of gastrointestinal COVID-19. Methods: We conducted a systematic electronic search of English literature up to January 2023 using Medline, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library, focusing on papers that analyzed the role of SARS-CoV-2 in the gastrointestinal tract. Results: Our review highlights that SARS-CoV-2 directly infects the gastrointestinal tract and can cause symptoms such as diarrhea, nausea/vomiting, abdominal pain, anorexia, loss of taste, and increased liver enzymes. These symptoms result from mucosal barrier damage, inflammation, and changes in the microbiota composition. The exact mechanism of how the virus overcomes the acid gastric environment and leads to the intestinal damage is still being studied. Conclusions: Although vaccination has increased the prevalence of less severe symptoms, the long-term interaction with SARS-CoV-2 remains a concern. Understanding the interplay between SARS-CoV-2 and the gastrointestinal tract is essential for future management of the virus.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 and Gastrointestinal Tract: From Pathophysiology to Clinical Manifestations

Vernia,

Ashktorab,

Cesaro

et al. 2023

Medicina

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“…Polysaccharides have diverse biological properties, including immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and prebiotic effects. Polysaccharides, such as lentinan, fucoidan, inulin, and glucan, have been studied to determine their ability to modulate the immune system [ 187 ]. Polysaccharides may inhibit tumor growth or stimulate immune function in the intestinal tract, which is another immunological effect [ 188 ].…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Polysaccharides In Heavy Metal Protectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polysaccharides as Protective Agents against Heavy Metal Toxicity

Iddrisu,

Danso,

Cheong

et al. 2024

Foods

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Polysaccharides are functional foods or drugs that can be used to alleviate heavy metal poisoning by cadmium, lead, mercury, and arsenic. Industries generate substantial quantities of toxic heavy metal wastes, such as wastewater discharges, paints, electronic waste, batteries, pigments, and plastics, into the environment that pose a risk to human health. Therefore, it is imperative to eliminate accumulated heavy metal ions from the body and the environment. Heavy metal toxicity can lead to decreased energy levels and impair the functioning of vital organs, such as the brain, lungs, kidneys, liver, and blood. Prolonged exposure can result in progressive physical, muscular, and neurological degeneration that resembles conditions such as multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and muscular dystrophy. Polysaccharides operate through mechanisms such as chelation, antioxidant defense, immunomodulation, and tissue repair. Polysaccharides involved in heavy metal removal include methionine and cysteine, together with N-acetylcysteine, an acetylated form of cysteine, S-adenosylmethionine, a metabolite of methionine, α-lipoic acid, and the tripeptide glutathione (GSH). These compounds effectively bind with harmful heavy metals to create a stable complex and defend biological targets from metal ions, thus decreasing their harmful effects and causing them to be excreted from the body. This review also highlights the importance of polysaccharides’ ability to mitigate oxidative stress, enhance immune responses, and support tissue repair processes. Polysaccharides are ubiquitous in nature and take part in diverse processes, making them potential natural therapies for heavy metal-related diseases. This review discusses the effectiveness of natural polysaccharides and the mechanisms that allow them to bind with heavy metals to alleviate their effects from the body and the environment. Polysaccharides have inherent features that enable them to function as pharmacological agents and regulate the immune response.

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Prebiotic characteristics of added-value polysaccharides from jackfruit peel waste during in vitro digestion and fecal fermentation

Li,

Wu,

Chen

et al. 2023

LWT

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Post-COVID-19 syndrome management: Utilizing the potential of dietary polysaccharides

Cited by 3 publications

References 108 publications

COVID-19 and Gastrointestinal Tract: From Pathophysiology to Clinical Manifestations

COVID-19 and Gastrointestinal Tract: From Pathophysiology to Clinical Manifestations

Polysaccharides as Protective Agents against Heavy Metal Toxicity

Prebiotic characteristics of added-value polysaccharides from jackfruit peel waste during in vitro digestion and fecal fermentation

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