Post-COVID-19 Sustainable Waste-to-Energy Solutions for Uganda’s Displacement Camps: A Review

Mugagga, Reuben Gad; Chamdimba, Hope Baxter

doi:10.11648/j.ijrse.20211002.11

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…There have been few studies discussing the status of different SDGs in RCs [8][9][10]16,[18][19][20], while more studies discussed one goal in refugee settlements, i.e., SDG3 [21,22]; SDG4 [23,24]; SDG6 [25]; SDG10 [26]; SDG11 [27]; and SDG7 was the most studied in RCs [28][29][30][31][32][33].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring the SDGs in Refugee Camps: An Insight into Arab States Bordering Syria

Wardeh

Marques

2023

Sustainability

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With the increasing refugee crisis worldwide, a great promise lies in the 2030 agenda to help ‘leave no one behind.’ This article aims to take stock of implementing the 2030 Agenda in the refugee camps of the Arab Middle East based on empirical data from Syrian refugees and Iraqi IDPs collected using a questionnaire distributed in Iraq, Jordan, and Lebanon. SDGs’ indices were calculated using arithmetic mean and principal component analysis methods. Our study finds that the progress toward achieving the SDGs is diverse in three locations, mainly due to the policy applied in the host country. The respondents in Iraq ranked the best at social and economic sustainability, Jordan ranked the best at environmental sustainability, and Lebanon was the furthest left behind in the three dimensions. SDG7 has a high performance, but accelerating the progress toward achieving the remaining SDGs is essential. Without the substantial efforts of all stakeholders, the 2030 agenda will not be accomplished.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring the SDGs in Refugee Camps: An Insight into Arab States Bordering Syria

Wardeh

Marques

2023

Sustainability

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“…Biogas is made up of CH 4 at 50-75%, carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) at 25-45%, hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) at 1-2%, moisture and other trace elements [15,17,20,32]. CH 4 component of biogas is combustible, as such can be used as a fuel for different applications [15,17,21,56]. Using an engineered approach and controlled design, the AD process is designed to treat organic material in airproof digesters.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Clean and renewable energy technologies shall play a pivotal role in meeting GHG emission reduction goals. In this regard, WtE options such MSW management based biogas plants that contribute to waste reduction can be employed to solve multiple problems including energy, sanitation and climate change in NCC [15,33,45,[54][55][56]73].…”

Section: Climate Change and Environment Policymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Review of Biomethanation of Urban Food Waste in Nairobi City County, Kenya

Chamdimba¹,

Omosa²,

Wandera³

2021

JEECE

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Organic waste in Nairobi City County accounts for 58-63% of the municipal solid waste generated. Food waste is at the center of urban waste management in the city as it accounts for 64% of the recoverable material. The city is estimated to have a food waste generation per capita of 6.1 kilogram per year, which accumulates to 29.4 thousand tons yearly. It transpires that upstream activities of the food supply chain, mainly production, postharvest loss, processing and distribution are the major food waste hotspots, accounting for 95% of the food waste in developing countries. Additionally, downstream activities of the food supply chain show that hotels, restaurants and super markets are the most important food waste hotspots. Such food waste hotspots should become the primary targets for resource recovery in a circular economy. Currently, the exploitation of food waste for animal feed and composting is growing in Nairobi City County, which signifies that food waste is becoming a valuable urban resource that can be traded, thus creating employment. However, the application of food waste for energy recovery through anaerobic digestion is limited in the city due to lack of source separation of municipal solid waste. On average, food waste has a biomethane potential of 508.45 ml CH 4 /g VS. This implies that 29.4 thousand tons of food waste generated in Nairobi City County has the potential to yield 10.5 million m 3 of methane, and will demand a digestion volume of 4,299 m 3 . Using global case studies of electricity generation from biogas, it is estimated that food waste in the city potentially yields 1.38 MW of electricity. In addition, about 26.1 thousand tons of bioslurry can be recovered from the digestion of food waste, which can be used for urban agriculture. Regardless of the liquefied petroleum gas enjoying a tax exemption, biogas at 32.78 USD per gigajoule of delivered energy demonstrates to be more economical, and this can be enhanced by upgrading it. The removal of liquefied petroleum gas from tax-exempt goods through the Finance Act 2020, and an addition of 16% value added tax on the fuel by Kenya Revenue Authority that became effective on 1 st July, 2021 favors biofuels such as methane. However, long term realization of methane generation potential in NCC demands the adoption and implementation of more friendly biofuels policies and regulatory frameworks in the country.

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Post-COVID-19 Sustainable Waste-to-Energy Solutions for Uganda’s Displacement Camps: A Review

Cited by 2 publications

References 3 publications

Measuring the SDGs in Refugee Camps: An Insight into Arab States Bordering Syria

Measuring the SDGs in Refugee Camps: An Insight into Arab States Bordering Syria

A Comprehensive Review of Biomethanation of Urban Food Waste in Nairobi City County, Kenya

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