Post-COVID-19 Pneumocystis pneumonia cases from Pakistan: an observational study

Niamatullah, Hammad; Nasir, Nosheen; Jabeen, Kauser; Rattani, Salima; Farooqi, Joveria; Ghanchi, Najia Karim; Irfan, Muhammad

doi:10.1099/acmi.0.000406

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The search conducted in the databases resulted in 1282 articles, of which 33 met the inclusion criteria 23 – 55 ( Figure 1 ). The reviewed articles are summarized in Table 1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal infections in patients after recovering from COVID-19: a systematic review

Ulloque-Badaracco,

Copaja-Corzo,

Hernandez-Bustamante

et al. 2024

Therapeutic Advances in Infection

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Background and aims: The presence of fungal infections has been described in patients after recovering from COVID-19. This study aims to conduct a systematic review of studies that reported fungal infections ( Mucor spp., Pneumocystis jirovecii, or Aspergillus spp.) in adults after recovering from COVID-19. Methods: We performed a systematic review through PubMed, Web of Science, OVID-Medline, Embase, and Scopus. The study selection process was performed independently and by at least two authors. We performed a risk of bias assessment using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale for cohort and case–control studies, and the Joanna Briggs Institute’s Checklists for Case Series and Case Reports. Results: The systematic search found 33 studies meeting all inclusion criteria. There was a total population of 774 participants, ranging from 21 to 87 years. From them, 746 developed a fungal infection. In 19 studies, Mucor spp. was reported as the main mycosis. In 10 studies, P. jirovecii was reported as the main mycosis. In seven studies, Aspergillus spp. was reported as the main mycosis. Regarding the quality assessment, 12 studies were classified as low risk of bias and the remaining studies as high risk of bias. Conclusion: Patients’ clinical presentation and prognosis after recovering from COVID-19 with fungal infection differ from those reported patients with acute COVID-19 infection and those without COVID-19 infection.

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“…The search conducted in the databases resulted in 1282 articles, of which 33 met the inclusion criteria 23 – 55 ( Figure 1 ). The reviewed articles are summarized in Table 1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal infections in patients after recovering from COVID-19: a systematic review

Ulloque-Badaracco,

Copaja-Corzo,

Hernandez-Bustamante

et al. 2024

Therapeutic Advances in Infection

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“…There have been approximately 100 reports of coinfection of P. jirovecii in COVID-19 patients, with some of them reviewed recently by Gioia et al [ 226 ] and Khodadadi et al [ 227 ]. The largest number of coinfection cases (in non-HIV/AIDS) was reported from France (34 cases), followed by Italy (22 cases) and Pakistan (10 cases) ( Figure 3 and Table S3 [ 15 , 224 , 225 , 226 , 228 , 229 , 230 , 231 , 232 , 233 , 234 , 235 , 236 , 237 , 238 , 239 , 240 , 241 , 242 , 243 , 244 , 245 , 246 , 247 , 248 , 249 , 250 , 251 , 252 , 253 , 254 , 255 , 256 , 257 , 258 , 259 , 260 , 261 , 262 , 263 , 264 , 265 , 266 , 267 , 268 , 269 , 270 , 271 ]).…”

Section: Immunodeficient Conditions and Risk Factors For Pcpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in the Epidemiology of Pneumocystis Pneumonia in Immunocompromised Patients without HIV Infection

Xue,

Kong,

2023

JoF

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The increasing morbidity and mortality of life-threatening Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) in immunocompromised people poses a global concern, prompting the World Health Organization to list it as one of the 19 priority invasive fungal diseases, calling for increased research and public health action. In response to this initiative, we provide this review on the epidemiology of PCP in non-HIV patients with various immunodeficient conditions, including the use of immunosuppressive agents, cancer therapies, solid organ and stem cell transplantation, autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, inherited or primary immunodeficiencies, and COVID-19. Special attention is given to the molecular epidemiology of PCP outbreaks in solid organ transplant recipients; the risk of PCP associated with the increasing use of immunodepleting monoclonal antibodies and a wide range of genetic defects causing primary immunodeficiency; the trend of concurrent infection of PCP in COVID-19; the prevalence of colonization; and the rising evidence supporting de novo infection rather than reactivation of latent infection in the pathogenesis of PCP. Additionally, we provide a concise discussion of the varying effects of different immunodeficient conditions on distinct components of the immune system. The objective of this review is to increase awareness and knowledge of PCP in non-HIV patients, thereby improving the early identification and treatment of patients susceptible to PCP.

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“…Different day lengths, UV radiation, and other unidentified variables, for instance, may have a role in the transmission of the coronavirus. If warmer climates like those in Pakistan and Saudi Arabia have less viral propagation of transmission, further research is needed to confirm this (15). Indoor/Outdoor Living: In many climates, individuals spend more time indoors during the winter with less ventilation and privacy than they do during the summer.…”

Section: Control Of Covid-19 In Pakistan: Potential Views and Prevale...mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Observational Study on the Early Stages of the Covid-19 Pandemic in Pakistan

Nasir¹,

Mehdi²,

Qureshi³

et al. 2023

PJMHS

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Bachground: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, which started on February 26, 2020 in city of karachi, spread quickly throughout Pakistan. Material and Method: The design of this study was a observational study design and this study was conducted at king Edward medical University Lahore. More than 6,200 persons were afflicted by the illness in the first seven weeks, and there were more than 111 documented fatalities. Many problems arise if we contrast the COVID-19 tragedies in Pakistan with those in nations like China, Iran, and the European Union. The geography of the nation, poverty, poor literacy rates, environmental circumstances, sanitary conditions, and dietary habits are only a few of the difficulties we face in containing this epidemic. Although there are terrible circumstances in each of these areas, Pakistan's COVID-19 epidemic was slower than that of other developing nations. Results: The impact of COVID-19 appears to be lessened by Pakistan's humid hot temperature, early reaction to COVID-19, population immune system, BCG vaccination, and the proportion of young individuals. In this essay, we explore the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak in China, Iran, and Pakistan and present its day-to-day changes. We outline the COVID-19 structure and how it compares to SARS-COV and SARS-COV2. The use of Remdesivir (an adenosine analogue used against RNA viruses), Chloroquine (a widely used anti-malarial drug), convalescent plasma, neutralising antibodies targeting the ACE-2 receptor, and an ACE-2-like molecule that might bind to the S protein of the coronavirus are also covered in terms of treatment options and their drawbacks. Also covered are the effects of COVID-19 on Pakistan's economy and government relief measures. Conclusion: In conclusion, it may be said that the support systems in place may not be sufficient to stop the spread of the virus. Even with the meagre assistance offered, it is weaker for rural places where the virus's effects may be severe than in the nation's cities. Further research is required as the epidemic develops to better understand governmental efforts to contain the virus and its effects across the nation. Keywords: Coronavirus COVID-19 Pakistan Pandemic Outbreak

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Post-COVID-19 Pneumocystis pneumonia cases from Pakistan: an observational study

Cited by 4 publications

References 19 publications

Fungal infections in patients after recovering from COVID-19: a systematic review

Fungal infections in patients after recovering from COVID-19: a systematic review

Trends in the Epidemiology of Pneumocystis Pneumonia in Immunocompromised Patients without HIV Infection

An Observational Study on the Early Stages of the Covid-19 Pandemic in Pakistan

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