Post-COVID-19 Immune-Mediated Neurological Complications in Children: An Ambispective Study

Saini, Lokesh; Krishna, Deepthi; Tiwari, Sarbesh; Goyal, Jagdish Prasad; Kumar, Prawin; Khera, Daisy; Choudhary, Bharat; Didel, Siyaram; Gadepalli, Ravisekhar; Singh, Kriti

doi:10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2022.06.010

Cited by 12 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…In fact, there is no connection between epitopes of SARS-CoV-2, particularly the spike protein, und surface markers of the myelon sheaths or axolemma [2] . We also disagree with the notion that post-COVID demyelination can be attributed to the prothrombotic state [1] . Demyelination in COVID-19 usually does not originate from thrombosis.…”

Section: Introductioncontrasting

confidence: 98%

“…The study is promising but raises concerns that should be discussed. We disagree with the statement that there is molecular mimicry between SARS-CoV-2 components and ganglioside or myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) [1] . In fact, there is no connection between epitopes of SARS-CoV-2, particularly the spike protein, und surface markers of the myelon sheaths or axolemma [2] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…We read with interest the article by Saini et al on a study of 18 pediatric patients with neurological involvement in COVID-19 collected at a tertiary hospital in India [1] . During an observational period of five months, six COVID-19 patients with epilepsy, 5 with Guillain Barre syndrome (GBS), three with demyelinating central nervous system (CNS) disorders, two with cerebrovascular disease, and two with autoimmune encephalitis were diagnosed [1] . It was concluded that steroids could be beneficial while treating patients with neurological involvement in COVID-19, particularly if a patient presents with high inflammatory markers [1] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During an observational period of five months, six COVID-19 patients with epilepsy, 5 with Guillain Barre syndrome (GBS), three with demyelinating central nervous system (CNS) disorders, two with cerebrovascular disease, and two with autoimmune encephalitis were diagnosed [1] . It was concluded that steroids could be beneficial while treating patients with neurological involvement in COVID-19, particularly if a patient presents with high inflammatory markers [1] . The study is promising but raises concerns that should be discussed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neuro-COVID in the young

Finsterer¹,

Almeida²

2023

IJMRGE

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Section: Introductioncontrasting

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neuro-COVID in the young

Finsterer¹,

Almeida²

2023

IJMRGE

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“…The second hypothesis relies on postinfectious immune-mediated mechanisms: SARS-CoV-2 might induce an autoimmune response by activating antibodies against brain components or via “molecular mimicry”: the spike protein of the SARS-CoV-2 could cross-reactive with CNS components explaining some of the neurologic complications ( 10 , 12 , 19 , 27 , 31 – 33 ). Indeed, the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds not only to the ACE-2 receptor but also to sialic acid-containing glycoproteins and gangliosides on cell surfaces.…”

Section: Pathophysiological Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurological consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infections in the pediatric population

et al. 2023

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COVID-19 in the pediatric population is mostly asymptomatic. However, 1 out of 5 children presents non-specific neurologic symptoms such as headache, weakness, or myalgia. Furthermore, rarer forms of neurological diseases are increasingly being described in association to a SARS-CoV-2 infection. Encephalitis, stroke, cranial nerves impairment, Guillain-Barré syndrome or acute transverse myelitis have been reported and account for around 1% of pediatric COVID-19 cases. Some of these pathologies may occur during or after the SARS-CoV-2 infection. The pathophysiological mechanisms range from direct invasion of the central nervous system (CNS) by SARS-CoV-2 itself to postinfectious immune-mediated CNS inflammation. In most cases, patients presenting neurological pathologies related to SARS-CoV-2 infection are at greater risk of life-threatening complications and should be closely monitored. Further studies are needed to acknowledge the potential long-term neurodevelopmental consequences of the infection.

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