Post-COVID-19 Functional Status: Relation to age, smoking, hospitalization and comorbidities

Abstract

Rational: Recently, a new Post-COVID-19 Functional Status (PCFS) scale is recommended in the current COVID-19 pandemic. It is proposed that it could be used to display direct retrieval and the functional sequelae of COVID-19. Aim of the study: To assess the Post COVID-19 functional status in Egypt and to evaluate if age, gender, comorbidities have any effect on functional limitations in recovered COVID-19 patients. Patients and methods: A total of 444 registered confirmed COVID-19 patients were included. They were interviewed in our follow-up clinics or by calls and filled an Arabic translated PCFS scale in paper or online forms as well as their demographic and clinical data. Results: 80% of COVID-19 recovered cases have diverse degrees of functional restrictions ranging from negligible (63.1%), slight (14.4%), moderate (2%) to severe (0.5%) based on PCFS. Furthermore, there was a substantial variance between the score of PCFS with age (P= 0.003), gender (P= 0.014), the duration since the onset of the symptoms of COVID-19 (P <0.001), need for oxygen supplementation (P<0.001), need for ICU admittance (P= 0.003), previous periodic influenza vaccination (P<0.001), smoking status (P < 0.001) and lastly the presence of any comorbid disorder (P <0.001). Conclusions: Most of the COVID-19 recovered cases have diverse degrees of functional restrictions ranging from negligible to severe based on PCFS. These restrictions were affected by age, gender, periodic influenza vaccination, smoking, duration since symptoms onset, need for oxygen or ICU admittance, and lastly the presence of coexisting comorbidity.

Association of COVID-19 symptoms and functional status of the COVID-19 survivors in a tertiary health care center in a developing country

“…Male patients make up 57.4% of the total population, with female patients making up the remaining 42.6%. These results were in line with some earlier research and global trends 6,[13][14][15] which represented both developed and developing nations. The study also sheds light on the diverse socio-economic backgrounds of COVID-19 survivors, revealing that a majority, or 56.6%, were employed individuals, and a substantial 82% had attained an education level beyond secondary school.…”

COVID-19 sequelae in adults aged less than 50 years: A systematic review

“…Two prospective and two retrospective cohort studies as well as three cross-sectional studies were grouped under the term “general health” [ [7] , [8] , [9] , [10] , [11] , [12] , [13] ].…”

“…Another study reported functional restrictions (e.g. changes in life-style, sports and social activities) in 80% of participants, albeit 63% thereof was considered negligible [ 13 ].…”

COVID-19 and post-infectious myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome: a narrative review

“…84 However symptom duration, patient populations, and length of follow-up are highly variable between studies, with reported rates of full recovery between 13% and 86% at follow-up ranging from 30 to 186 days (Table 2). 71–73,75,78,83,85–103…”

“…84 However symptom duration, patient populations, and length of follow-up are highly variable between studies, with reported rates of full recovery between 13% and 86% at follow-up ranging from 30 to 186 days (Table 2). [71][72][73]75,78,83,[85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102][103] An observational study investigating post-acute COVID-19 symptoms as defined by ME/CFS criteria does not yet exist. However, the high prevalence of persistent fatigue is very relevant to ME/ CFS.…”